diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa86149d4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+GIT v1.5.0.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.5.0.3
+--------------------
+
+* Bugfixes
+
+  - git-merge (hence git-pull) did not refuse fast-forwarding
+    when the working tree had local changes that would have
+    conflicted with it.
+
+  - git.el does not add duplicate sign-off lines.
+
+  - git-commit shows the full stat of the resulting commit, not
+    just about the files in the current directory, when run from
+    a subdirectory.
+
+  - "git-checkout -m '@{8 hours ago}'" had a funny failure from
+    eval; fixed.
+
+  - git-gui updates.
+
+* Documentation updates
+
+* User manual updates
+
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.txt
index f374e1c2c7..f78cf56bc8 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.1.txt
@@ -25,6 +25,21 @@ Updates since v1.5.0
   - "git diff --pretty=format:<string>" to allow more flexible
     custom log output.
 
+  - "git diff --no-index" can read from '-' (standard input).
+
+  - "git diff" also learned --exit-code to exit with non-zero
+    status when it found differences.  In the future we might
+    want to make this the default but that would be a rather big
+    backward incompatible change; it will stay as an option for
+    now.
+
+  - "git branch --track" can be used to set up configuration
+    variables to help it easier to base your work on branches
+    you track from a remote site.
+
+  - "git format-patch --attach" now emits attachments.  Use
+    --inline to get an inlined multipart/mixed.
+
   - "git name-rev" learned --refs=<pattern>, to limit the tags
     used for naming the given revisions only to the ones
     matching the given pattern.
@@ -39,6 +54,9 @@ Updates since v1.5.0
   - "git bundle" can help sneaker-netting your changes between
     repositories.
 
+  - "git mergetool" can help 3-way file-level conflict
+    resolution with your favorite graphical merge tools.
+
   - A new configuration "core.symlinks" can be used to disable
     symlinks on filesystems that do not support them; they are
     checked out as regular files instead.
@@ -46,6 +64,11 @@ Updates since v1.5.0
 
 * Updated behaviour of existing commands.
 
+  - "git fsck" does not barf on corrupt loose objects.
+
+  - "git archimport" allows remapping when coming up with git
+    branch names from arch names.
+
   - git-svn got almost a rewrite.
 
   - core.autocrlf configuration, when set to 'true', makes git
@@ -99,6 +122,25 @@ Updates since v1.5.0
   - "git fetch" (hence "git clone" and "git pull") are less
     noisy when the output does not go to tty.
 
+  - "git fetch" between repositories with many refs were slow
+    even when there are not many changes that needed
+    transferring.  This has been sped up by partially rewriting
+    the heaviest parts in C.
+
+  - "git mailinfo" which splits an e-mail into a patch and the
+    metainformation was rewritten, thanks to Don Zickus.  It
+    handles nested multipart better.
+
+  - send-email learned configurable bcc and chain-reply-to.
+
+  - Using objects from packs is now seriouly optimized by clever
+    use of a cache.  This should be most noticeable in git-log
+    family of commands that involve reading many tree objects.
+    In addition, traversing revisions while filtering changes
+    with pathspecs is made faster by terminating the comparison
+    between the trees as early as possible.
+
+
 * Hooks
 
   - The sample update hook to show how to send out notification
@@ -106,9 +148,15 @@ Updates since v1.5.0
     the repository.  Earlier, it showed new commits that appeared
     on the branch.
 
+
+* Others
+
+  - git-revert, git-gc and git-cherry-pick are now built-ins.
+
+
 --
 exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.5.0.3-268-g3ddad98
+O=v1.5.0.5-446-g5d86501
 echo O=`git describe master`
 git shortlog --no-merges $O..master ^maint
 
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index aaae9ac305..cf1e040381 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -240,6 +240,19 @@ the largest projects.  You probably do not need to adjust this value.
 +
 Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
 
+core.deltaBaseCacheLimit::
+	Maximum number of bytes to reserve for caching base objects
+	that multiple deltafied objects reference.  By storing the
+	entire decompressed base objects in a cache Git is able
+	to avoid unpacking and decompressing frequently used base
+	objects multiple times.
++
+Default is 16 MiB on all platforms.  This should be reasonable
+for all users/operating systems, except on the largest projects.
+You probably do not need to adjust this value.
++
+Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
+
 alias.*::
 	Command aliases for the gitlink:git[1] command wrapper - e.g.
 	after defining "alias.last = cat-file commit HEAD", the invocation
@@ -272,6 +285,10 @@ branch.<name>.merge::
 	`git fetch`) to lookup the default branch for merging. Without
 	this option, `git pull` defaults to merge the first refspec fetched.
 	Specify multiple values to get an octopus merge.
+	If you wish to setup `git pull` so that it merges into <name> from
+	another branch in the local repository, you can point
+	branch.<name>.merge to the desired branch, and use the special setting
+	`.` (a period) for branch.<name>.remote.
 
 color.branch::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
@@ -456,7 +473,7 @@ merge.summary::
 merge.tool::
 	Controls which merge resolution program is used by
 	gitlink:git-mergetool[l].  Valid values are: "kdiff3", "tkdiff",
-	"meld", "xxdiff", "emerge"
+	"meld", "xxdiff", "emerge", "vimdiff"
 
 merge.verbosity::
 	Controls the amount of output shown by the recursive merge
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index d8696b7b36..77a3f78dd7 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -159,5 +159,10 @@
 -w::
 	Shorthand for "--ignore-all-space".
 
+--exit-code::
+	Make the program exit with codes similar to diff(1).
+	That is, it exits with 1 if there were differences and
+	0 means no differences.
+
 For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also
 link:diffcore.html[diffcore documentation].
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
index ae69a0eb83..5baaaca0b5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -t or --tool=<tool>::
 	Use the merge resolution program specified by <tool>.
 	Valid merge tools are:
-	kdiff3, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, and emerge.
+	kdiff3, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, and vimdiff.
 
 	If a merge resolution program is not specified, 'git mergetool'
 	will use the configuration variable merge.tool.  If the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
index 9b3aabb6fe..682313e95d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
@@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list.
 	is not set, this will be prompted for.
 
 --no-signed-off-by-cc::
-	Do not add emails found in Signed-off-by: lines to the cc list.
+	Do not add emails found in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the
+	cc list.
 
 --quiet::
 	Make git-send-email less verbose.  One line per email should be
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index e875e8318d..31397dc539 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -35,7 +35,9 @@ ifdef::stalenotes[]
 You are reading the documentation for the latest version of git.
 Documentation for older releases are available here:
 
-* link:v1.5.0.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.0.3]
+* link:v1.5.0.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.0.5]
+
+* link:v1.5.0.5/RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt[release notes for 1.5.0.5]
 
 * link:v1.5.0.3/RelNotes-1.5.0.3.txt[release notes for 1.5.0.3]
 
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 6abde8d7b3..39ba8d135c 100755
--- a/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=v1.5.0.GIT
+DEF_VER=v1.5.1-rc1.GIT
 
 LF='
 '
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 553b2d413c..18deba2567 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ BASIC_LDFLAGS =
 SCRIPT_SH = \
 	git-bisect.sh git-checkout.sh \
 	git-clean.sh git-clone.sh git-commit.sh \
-	git-fetch.sh git-gc.sh \
+	git-fetch.sh \
 	git-ls-remote.sh \
 	git-merge-one-file.sh git-mergetool.sh git-parse-remote.sh \
 	git-pull.sh git-rebase.sh \
@@ -297,6 +297,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS = \
 	builtin-fmt-merge-msg.o \
 	builtin-for-each-ref.o \
 	builtin-fsck.o \
+	builtin-gc.o \
 	builtin-grep.o \
 	builtin-init-db.o \
 	builtin-log.o \
diff --git a/builtin-branch.c b/builtin-branch.c
index 42b1ff129e..a4494ee337 100644
--- a/builtin-branch.c
+++ b/builtin-branch.c
@@ -372,9 +372,26 @@ static int get_remote_config(const char *key, const char *value)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void set_branch_defaults(const char *name, const char *real_ref)
+static void set_branch_merge(const char *name, const char *config_remote,
+			     const char *config_repo)
 {
 	char key[1024];
+	if (sizeof(key) <=
+	    snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "branch.%s.remote", name))
+		die("what a long branch name you have!");
+	git_config_set(key, config_remote);
+
+	/*
+	 * We do not have to check if we have enough space for
+	 * the 'merge' key, since it's shorter than the
+	 * previous 'remote' key, which we already checked.
+	 */
+	snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "branch.%s.merge", name);
+	git_config_set(key, config_repo);
+}
+
+static void set_branch_defaults(const char *name, const char *real_ref)
+{
 	const char *slash = strrchr(real_ref, '/');
 
 	if (!slash)
@@ -384,21 +401,15 @@ static void set_branch_defaults(const char *name, const char *real_ref)
 	start_len = strlen(real_ref);
 	base_len = slash - real_ref;
 	git_config(get_remote_config);
+	if (!config_repo && !config_remote &&
+	    !prefixcmp(real_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
+		set_branch_merge(name, ".", real_ref);
+		printf("Branch %s set up to track local branch %s.\n",
+		       name, real_ref);
+	}
 
 	if (config_repo && config_remote) {
-		if (sizeof(key) <=
-		    snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "branch.%s.remote", name))
-			die("what a long branch name you have!");
-		git_config_set(key, config_remote);
-
-		/*
-		 * We do not have to check if we have enough space for
-		 * the 'merge' key, since it's shorter than the
-		 * previous 'remote' key, which we already checked.
-		 */
-		snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "branch.%s.merge", name);
-		git_config_set(key, config_repo);
-
+		set_branch_merge(name, config_remote, config_repo);
 		printf("Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s.\n",
 		       name, real_ref);
 	}
diff --git a/builtin-bundle.c b/builtin-bundle.c
index 786808081b..0a9b73867f 100644
--- a/builtin-bundle.c
+++ b/builtin-bundle.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 /*
  * Basic handler for bundle files to connect repositories via sneakernet.
@@ -99,67 +99,6 @@ static int read_header(const char *path, struct bundle_header *header) {
 	return fd;
 }
 
-/* if in && *in >= 0, take that as input file descriptor instead */
-static int fork_with_pipe(const char **argv, int *in, int *out)
-{
-	int needs_in, needs_out;
-	int fdin[2], fdout[2], pid;
-
-	needs_in = in && *in < 0;
-	if (needs_in) {
-		if (pipe(fdin) < 0)
-			return error("could not setup pipe");
-		*in = fdin[1];
-	}
-
-	needs_out = out && *out < 0;
-	if (needs_out) {
-		if (pipe(fdout) < 0)
-			return error("could not setup pipe");
-		*out = fdout[0];
-	}
-
-	if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
-		if (needs_in) {
-			close(fdin[0]);
-			close(fdin[1]);
-		}
-		if (needs_out) {
-			close(fdout[0]);
-			close(fdout[1]);
-		}
-		return error("could not fork");
-	}
-	if (!pid) {
-		if (needs_in) {
-			dup2(fdin[0], 0);
-			close(fdin[0]);
-			close(fdin[1]);
-		} else if (in) {
-			dup2(*in, 0);
-			close(*in);
-		}
-		if (needs_out) {
-			dup2(fdout[1], 1);
-			close(fdout[0]);
-			close(fdout[1]);
-		} else if (out) {
-			dup2(*out, 1);
-			close(*out);
-		}
-		exit(execv_git_cmd(argv));
-	}
-	if (needs_in)
-		close(fdin[0]);
-	else if (in)
-		close(*in);
-	if (needs_out)
-		close(fdout[1]);
-	else if (out)
-		close(*out);
-	return pid;
-}
-
 static int list_refs(struct ref_list *r, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -263,9 +202,10 @@ static int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 	int bundle_fd = -1;
 	const char **argv_boundary = xmalloc((argc + 4) * sizeof(const char *));
 	const char **argv_pack = xmalloc(5 * sizeof(const char *));
-	int pid, in, out, i, status, ref_count = 0;
+	int i, ref_count = 0;
 	char buffer[1024];
 	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct child_process rls;
 
 	bundle_fd = (!strcmp(path, "-") ? 1 :
 			open(path, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, 0666));
@@ -285,11 +225,13 @@ static int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 	argv_boundary[1] = "--boundary";
 	argv_boundary[2] = "--pretty=oneline";
 	argv_boundary[argc + 2] = NULL;
-	out = -1;
-	pid = fork_with_pipe(argv_boundary, NULL, &out);
-	if (pid < 0)
+	memset(&rls, 0, sizeof(rls));
+	rls.argv = argv_boundary;
+	rls.out = -1;
+	rls.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&rls))
 		return -1;
-	while ((i = read_string(out, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) > 0) {
+	while ((i = read_string(rls.out, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) > 0) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		if (buffer[0] == '-') {
 			write_or_die(bundle_fd, buffer, i);
@@ -303,11 +245,8 @@ static int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 			object->flags |= SHOWN;
 		}
 	}
-	while ((i = waitpid(pid, &status, 0)) < 0)
-		if (errno != EINTR)
-			return error("rev-list died");
-	if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status))
-		return error("rev-list died %d", WEXITSTATUS(status));
+	if (finish_command(&rls))
+		return error("rev-list died");
 
 	/* write references */
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
@@ -352,26 +291,23 @@ static int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 	argv_pack[2] = "--stdout";
 	argv_pack[3] = "--thin";
 	argv_pack[4] = NULL;
-	in = -1;
-	out = bundle_fd;
-	pid = fork_with_pipe(argv_pack, &in, &out);
-	if (pid < 0)
+	memset(&rls, 0, sizeof(rls));
+	rls.argv = argv_pack;
+	rls.in = -1;
+	rls.out = bundle_fd;
+	rls.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&rls))
 		return error("Could not spawn pack-objects");
 	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
 		struct object *object = revs.pending.objects[i].item;
 		if (object->flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			write(in, "^", 1);
-		write(in, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1), 40);
-		write(in, "\n", 1);
+			write(rls.in, "^", 1);
+		write(rls.in, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1), 40);
+		write(rls.in, "\n", 1);
 	}
-	close(in);
-	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
-		if (errno != EINTR)
-			return -1;
-	if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status))
+	if (finish_command(&rls))
 		return error ("pack-objects died");
-
-	return status;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int unbundle(struct bundle_header *header, int bundle_fd,
@@ -379,22 +315,17 @@ static int unbundle(struct bundle_header *header, int bundle_fd,
 {
 	const char *argv_index_pack[] = {"index-pack",
 		"--fix-thin", "--stdin", NULL};
-	int pid, status, dev_null;
+	struct child_process ip;
 
 	if (verify_bundle(header, 0))
 		return -1;
-	dev_null = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
-	if (dev_null < 0)
-		return error("Could not open /dev/null");
-	pid = fork_with_pipe(argv_index_pack, &bundle_fd, &dev_null);
-	if (pid < 0)
-		return error("Could not spawn index-pack");
-	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
-		if (errno != EINTR)
-			return error("index-pack died");
-	if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status))
-		return error("index-pack exited with status %d",
-				WEXITSTATUS(status));
+	memset(&ip, 0, sizeof(ip));
+	ip.argv = argv_index_pack;
+	ip.in = bundle_fd;
+	ip.no_stdout = 1;
+	ip.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (run_command(&ip))
+		return error("index-pack died");
 	return list_heads(header, argc, argv);
 }
 
diff --git a/builtin-diff-files.c b/builtin-diff-files.c
index aec8338429..6ba5077a2b 100644
--- a/builtin-diff-files.c
+++ b/builtin-diff-files.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ int cmd_diff_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	int nongit = 0;
+	int result;
 
 	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
@@ -29,5 +30,6 @@ int cmd_diff_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format)
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_RAW;
-	return run_diff_files_cmd(&rev, argc, argv);
+	result = run_diff_files_cmd(&rev, argc, argv);
+	return rev.diffopt.exit_with_status ? rev.diffopt.has_changes: result;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-diff-index.c b/builtin-diff-index.c
index 083599d5c4..d90eba95a6 100644
--- a/builtin-diff-index.c
+++ b/builtin-diff-index.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	int cached = 0;
 	int i;
+	int result;
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	git_config(git_default_config); /* no "diff" UI options */
@@ -42,5 +43,6 @@ int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		perror("read_cache");
 		return -1;
 	}
-	return run_diff_index(&rev, cached);
+	result = run_diff_index(&rev, cached);
+	return rev.diffopt.exit_with_status ? rev.diffopt.has_changes: result;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-diff-tree.c b/builtin-diff-tree.c
index 24cb2d7f84..0b591c8716 100644
--- a/builtin-diff-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-diff-tree.c
@@ -118,7 +118,8 @@ int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (!read_stdin)
-		return 0;
+		return opt->diffopt.exit_with_status ?
+		    opt->diffopt.has_changes: 0;
 
 	if (opt->diffopt.detect_rename)
 		opt->diffopt.setup |= (DIFF_SETUP_USE_SIZE_CACHE |
@@ -133,5 +134,5 @@ int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		else
 			diff_tree_stdin(line);
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return opt->diffopt.exit_with_status ? opt->diffopt.has_changes: 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-diff.c b/builtin-diff.c
index 4efbb8237b..21d13f0b30 100644
--- a/builtin-diff.c
+++ b/builtin-diff.c
@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	const char *path = NULL;
 	struct blobinfo blob[2];
 	int nongit = 0;
+	int result = 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * We could get N tree-ish in the rev.pending_objects list.
@@ -292,17 +293,17 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!ents) {
 		switch (blobs) {
 		case 0:
-			return run_diff_files_cmd(&rev, argc, argv);
+			result = run_diff_files_cmd(&rev, argc, argv);
 			break;
 		case 1:
 			if (paths != 1)
 				usage(builtin_diff_usage);
-			return builtin_diff_b_f(&rev, argc, argv, blob, path);
+			result = builtin_diff_b_f(&rev, argc, argv, blob, path);
 			break;
 		case 2:
 			if (paths)
 				usage(builtin_diff_usage);
-			return builtin_diff_blobs(&rev, argc, argv, blob);
+			result = builtin_diff_blobs(&rev, argc, argv, blob);
 			break;
 		default:
 			usage(builtin_diff_usage);
@@ -311,19 +312,21 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else if (blobs)
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 	else if (ents == 1)
-		return builtin_diff_index(&rev, argc, argv);
+		result = builtin_diff_index(&rev, argc, argv);
 	else if (ents == 2)
-		return builtin_diff_tree(&rev, argc, argv, ent);
+		result = builtin_diff_tree(&rev, argc, argv, ent);
 	else if ((ents == 3) && (ent[0].item->flags & UNINTERESTING)) {
 		/* diff A...B where there is one sane merge base between
 		 * A and B.  We have ent[0] == merge-base, ent[1] == A,
 		 * and ent[2] == B.  Show diff between the base and B.
 		 */
 		ent[1] = ent[2];
-		return builtin_diff_tree(&rev, argc, argv, ent);
+		result = builtin_diff_tree(&rev, argc, argv, ent);
 	}
 	else
-		return builtin_diff_combined(&rev, argc, argv,
+		result = builtin_diff_combined(&rev, argc, argv,
 					     ent, ents);
-	usage(builtin_diff_usage);
+	if (rev.diffopt.exit_with_status)
+		result = rev.diffopt.has_changes;
+	return result;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-gc.c b/builtin-gc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b1f8c2f3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-gc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * git gc builtin command
+ *
+ * Cleanup unreachable files and optimize the repository.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 James Bowes
+ *
+ * Based on git-gc.sh, which is
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2006 Shawn O. Pearce
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+
+#define FAILED_RUN "failed to run %s"
+
+static const char builtin_gc_usage[] = "git-gc [--prune]";
+
+static int pack_refs = -1;
+
+static const char *argv_pack_refs[] = {"pack-refs", "--prune", NULL};
+static const char *argv_reflog[] = {"reflog", "expire", "--all", NULL};
+static const char *argv_repack[] = {"repack", "-a", "-d", "-l", NULL};
+static const char *argv_prune[] = {"prune", NULL};
+static const char *argv_rerere[] = {"rerere", "gc", NULL};
+
+static int gc_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gc.packrefs")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "notbare"))
+			pack_refs = -1;
+		else
+			pack_refs = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_default_config(var, value);
+}
+
+int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	int prune = 0;
+
+	git_config(gc_config);
+
+	if (pack_refs < 0)
+		pack_refs = !is_bare_repository();
+
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--prune")) {
+			prune = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* perhaps other parameters later... */
+		break;
+	}
+	if (i != argc)
+		usage(builtin_gc_usage);
+
+	if (pack_refs && run_command_v_opt(argv_pack_refs, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_pack_refs[0]);
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_reflog, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_reflog[0]);
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_repack, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_repack[0]);
+
+	if (prune && run_command_v_opt(argv_prune, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_prune[0]);
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_rerere, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_rerere[0]);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-pack-objects.c b/builtin-pack-objects.c
index f8ebad0b2f..73d448b890 100644
--- a/builtin-pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-pack-objects.c
@@ -166,11 +166,12 @@ static void prepare_pack_revindex(struct pack_revindex *rix)
 	struct packed_git *p = rix->p;
 	int num_ent = num_packed_objects(p);
 	int i;
-	void *index = p->index_base + 256;
+	const char *index = p->index_data;
 
+	index += 4 * 256;
 	rix->revindex = xmalloc(sizeof(*rix->revindex) * (num_ent + 1));
 	for (i = 0; i < num_ent; i++) {
-		unsigned int hl = *((unsigned int *)((char *) index + 24*i));
+		uint32_t hl = *((uint32_t *)(index + 24 * i));
 		rix->revindex[i].offset = ntohl(hl);
 		rix->revindex[i].nr = i;
 	}
@@ -217,11 +218,11 @@ static off_t find_packed_object_size(struct packed_git *p, off_t ofs)
 	return entry[1].offset - ofs;
 }
 
-static unsigned char *find_packed_object_name(struct packed_git *p,
-					      off_t ofs)
+static const unsigned char *find_packed_object_name(struct packed_git *p,
+						    off_t ofs)
 {
 	struct revindex_entry *entry = find_packed_object(p, ofs);
-	return (unsigned char *)(p->index_base + 256) + 24 * entry->nr + 4;
+	return ((unsigned char *)p->index_data) + 4 * 256 + 24 * entry->nr + 4;
 }
 
 static void *delta_against(void *buf, unsigned long size, struct object_entry *entry)
@@ -996,7 +997,8 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 		 * delta.
 		 */
 		if (!no_reuse_delta) {
-			unsigned char c, *base_name;
+			unsigned char c;
+			const unsigned char *base_name;
 			off_t ofs;
 			unsigned long used_0;
 			/* there is at least 20 bytes left in the pack */
diff --git a/builtin-push.c b/builtin-push.c
index 6ab9a28e8c..70b1168fa6 100644
--- a/builtin-push.c
+++ b/builtin-push.c
@@ -323,10 +323,10 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo)
 		int dest_refspec_nr = refspec_nr;
 		const char **dest_refspec = refspec;
 		const char *dest = uri[i];
-		const char *sender = "git-send-pack";
+		const char *sender = "send-pack";
 		if (!prefixcmp(dest, "http://") ||
 		    !prefixcmp(dest, "https://"))
-			sender = "git-http-push";
+			sender = "http-push";
 		else if (thin)
 			argv[dest_argc++] = "--thin";
 		argv[0] = sender;
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo)
 		argv[dest_argc] = NULL;
 		if (verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Pushing to %s\n", dest);
-		err = run_command_v_opt(argv, 0);
+		err = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 		if (!err)
 			continue;
 		switch (err) {
diff --git a/builtin-revert.c b/builtin-revert.c
index 652eece5ad..f3f3f5c6ee 100644
--- a/builtin-revert.c
+++ b/builtin-revert.c
@@ -235,8 +235,8 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 	unsigned char head[20];
 	struct commit *base, *next;
 	int i;
-	char *oneline, *encoding, *reencoded_message = NULL;
-	const char *message;
+	char *oneline, *reencoded_message = NULL;
+	const char *message, *encoding;
 
 	git_config(git_default_config);
 	me = action == REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index 1cb64b7ecd..af203e9e36 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ extern int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_get_tar_commit_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index b9d7344216..b1b767467e 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ extern const char *apply_default_whitespace;
 extern int zlib_compression_level;
 extern size_t packed_git_window_size;
 extern size_t packed_git_limit;
+extern size_t delta_base_cache_limit;
 extern int auto_crlf;
 
 #define GIT_REPO_VERSION 0
@@ -372,10 +373,11 @@ struct pack_window {
 extern struct packed_git {
 	struct packed_git *next;
 	struct pack_window *windows;
-	uint32_t *index_base;
-	time_t mtime;
+	const void *index_data;
 	off_t index_size;
 	off_t pack_size;
+	time_t mtime;
+	int index_version;
 	int pack_fd;
 	int pack_local;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -413,7 +415,7 @@ extern int server_supports(const char *feature);
 
 extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1);
 extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1,
-						char *idx_path);
+						const char *idx_path);
 
 extern void prepare_packed_git(void);
 extern void reprepare_packed_git(void);
@@ -425,7 +427,7 @@ extern struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
 extern void pack_report(void);
 extern unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned int *);
 extern void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **);
-extern struct packed_git *add_packed_git(char *, int, int);
+extern struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *, int, int);
 extern uint32_t num_packed_objects(const struct packed_git *p);
 extern int nth_packed_object_sha1(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t, unsigned char*);
 extern off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *, struct packed_git *);
@@ -451,7 +453,7 @@ extern int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value);
 extern char git_default_email[MAX_GITNAME];
 extern char git_default_name[MAX_GITNAME];
 
-extern char *git_commit_encoding;
+extern const char *git_commit_encoding;
 extern const char *git_log_output_encoding;
 
 extern int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd);
diff --git a/config.c b/config.c
index 2c804447c1..53735d3743 100644
--- a/config.c
+++ b/config.c
@@ -331,6 +331,11 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.deltabasecachelimit")) {
+		delta_base_cache_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.autocrlf")) {
 		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "input")) {
 			auto_crlf = -1;
@@ -351,12 +356,12 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "i18n.commitencoding")) {
-		git_commit_encoding = strdup(value);
+		git_commit_encoding = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "i18n.logoutputencoding")) {
-		git_log_output_encoding = strdup(value);
+		git_log_output_encoding = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
diff --git a/connect.c b/connect.c
index dec231d4d3..7b635ff344 100644
--- a/connect.c
+++ b/connect.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 #include "spawn-pipe.h"
 
 static char *server_capabilities;
@@ -615,8 +616,8 @@ static void git_proxy_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
 {
 	const char *port = STR(DEFAULT_GIT_PORT);
 	char *colon, *end;
-	int pipefd[2][2];
-	pid_t pid;
+	const char *argv[4];
+	struct child_process proxy;
 
 	if (host[0] == '[') {
 		end = strchr(host + 1, ']');
@@ -635,18 +636,18 @@ static void git_proxy_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
 		port = colon + 1;
 	}
 
-	if (pipe(pipefd[0]) < 0 || pipe(pipefd[1]) < 0)
-		die("unable to create pipe pair for communication");
-
-	{
-		const char *argv[] = { NULL, host, port, NULL };
-		pid = spawnvpe_pipe(git_proxy_command, argv, environ,
-				pipefd[1], pipefd[0]);
-	}
-	if (pid < 0)
-		die("fork failed");
-	fd[0] = pipefd[0][0];
-	fd[1] = pipefd[1][1];
+	argv[0] = git_proxy_command;
+	argv[1] = host;
+	argv[2] = port;
+	argv[3] = NULL;
+	memset(&proxy, 0, sizeof(proxy));
+	proxy.argv = argv;
+	proxy.in = -1;
+	proxy.out = -1;
+	if (start_command(&proxy))
+		die("cannot start proxy %s", argv[0]);
+	fd[0] = proxy.out; /* read from proxy stdout */
+	fd[1] = proxy.in;  /* write to proxy stdin */
 }
 
 #define MAX_CMD_LEN 1024
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git.el b/contrib/emacs/git.el
index db87a37895..5f22dec5f7 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git.el
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ;;; git.el --- A user interface for git
 
-;; Copyright (C) 2005, 2006 Alexandre Julliard <julliard@winehq.org>
+;; Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007 Alexandre Julliard <julliard@winehq.org>
 
 ;; Version: 1.0
 
@@ -213,6 +213,23 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (error "Failed to run \"git %s\":\n%s" (mapconcat (lambda (x) x) args " ") (buffer-string)))
   (message "Running git %s...done" (car args)))
 
+(defun git-run-hook (hook env &rest args)
+  "Run a git hook and display its output if any."
+  (let ((dir default-directory)
+        (hook-name (expand-file-name (concat ".git/hooks/" hook))))
+    (or (not (file-executable-p hook-name))
+        (let (status (buffer (get-buffer-create "*Git Hook Output*")))
+          (with-current-buffer buffer
+            (erase-buffer)
+            (cd dir)
+            (setq status
+                  (if env
+                      (apply #'call-process "env" nil (list buffer t) nil
+                             (append (git-get-env-strings env) (list hook-name) args))
+                    (apply #'call-process hook-name nil (list buffer t) nil args))))
+          (display-message-or-buffer buffer)
+          (eq 0 status)))))
+
 (defun git-get-string-sha1 (string)
   "Read a SHA1 from the specified string."
   (and string
@@ -590,6 +607,20 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
     (when modified
       (apply #'git-run-command nil env "update-index" "--" (git-get-filenames modified)))))
 
+(defun git-run-pre-commit-hook ()
+  "Run the pre-commit hook if any."
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (let ((files (git-marked-files-state 'added 'deleted 'modified)))
+    (or (not files)
+        (not (file-executable-p ".git/hooks/pre-commit"))
+        (let ((index-file (make-temp-file "gitidx")))
+          (unwind-protect
+            (let ((head-tree (unless (git-empty-db-p) (git-rev-parse "HEAD^{tree}"))))
+              (git-read-tree head-tree index-file)
+              (git-update-index index-file files)
+              (git-run-hook "pre-commit" `(("GIT_INDEX_FILE" . ,index-file))))
+          (delete-file index-file))))))
+
 (defun git-do-commit ()
   "Perform the actual commit using the current buffer as log message."
   (interactive)
@@ -622,7 +653,8 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
                               (git-run-command nil nil "rerere"))
                             (git-refresh-files)
                             (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status)
-                            (message "Committed %s." commit))
+                            (message "Committed %s." commit)
+                            (git-run-hook "post-commit" nil))
                         (message "Commit aborted."))))
                 (message "No files to commit.")))
           (delete-file index-file))))))
@@ -944,28 +976,29 @@ and returns the process output as a string."
   "Commit the marked file(s), asking for a commit message."
   (interactive)
   (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
-  (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create "*git-commit*"))
-        (coding-system (git-get-commits-coding-system))
-        author-name author-email subject date)
-    (when (eq 0 (buffer-size buffer))
-      (when (file-readable-p ".dotest/info")
-        (with-temp-buffer
-          (insert-file-contents ".dotest/info")
-          (goto-char (point-min))
-          (when (re-search-forward "^Author: \\(.*\\)\nEmail: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-            (setq author-name (match-string 1))
-            (setq author-email (match-string 2)))
-          (goto-char (point-min))
-          (when (re-search-forward "^Subject: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-            (setq subject (match-string 1)))
-          (goto-char (point-min))
-          (when (re-search-forward "^Date: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
-            (setq date (match-string 1)))))
-      (git-setup-log-buffer buffer author-name author-email subject date))
-    (log-edit #'git-do-commit nil #'git-log-edit-files buffer)
-    (setq font-lock-keywords (font-lock-compile-keywords git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords))
-    (setq buffer-file-coding-system coding-system)
-    (re-search-forward (regexp-quote (concat git-log-msg-separator "\n")) nil t)))
+  (when (git-run-pre-commit-hook)
+    (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create "*git-commit*"))
+          (coding-system (git-get-commits-coding-system))
+          author-name author-email subject date)
+      (when (eq 0 (buffer-size buffer))
+        (when (file-readable-p ".dotest/info")
+          (with-temp-buffer
+            (insert-file-contents ".dotest/info")
+            (goto-char (point-min))
+            (when (re-search-forward "^Author: \\(.*\\)\nEmail: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
+              (setq author-name (match-string 1))
+              (setq author-email (match-string 2)))
+            (goto-char (point-min))
+            (when (re-search-forward "^Subject: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
+              (setq subject (match-string 1)))
+            (goto-char (point-min))
+            (when (re-search-forward "^Date: \\(.*\\)$" nil t)
+              (setq date (match-string 1)))))
+        (git-setup-log-buffer buffer author-name author-email subject date))
+      (log-edit #'git-do-commit nil #'git-log-edit-files buffer)
+      (setq font-lock-keywords (font-lock-compile-keywords git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords))
+      (setq buffer-file-coding-system coding-system)
+      (re-search-forward (regexp-quote (concat git-log-msg-separator "\n")) nil t))))
 
 (defun git-find-file ()
   "Visit the current file in its own buffer."
diff --git a/git-gc.sh b/contrib/examples/git-gc.sh
similarity index 100%
rename from git-gc.sh
rename to contrib/examples/git-gc.sh
diff --git a/diff-lib.c b/diff-lib.c
index 6abb981534..5c5b05bfe3 100644
--- a/diff-lib.c
+++ b/diff-lib.c
@@ -170,8 +170,10 @@ static int handle_diff_files_args(struct rev_info *revs,
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--theirs"))
 			revs->max_count = 3;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-n") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-index"))
+				!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-index")) {
 			revs->max_count = -2;
+			revs->diffopt.exit_with_status = 1;
+		}
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-q"))
 			*silent = 1;
 		else
@@ -237,6 +239,7 @@ int setup_diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 			break;
 		} else if (i < argc - 3 && !strcmp(argv[i], "--no-index")) {
 			i = argc - 3;
+			revs->diffopt.exit_with_status = 1;
 			break;
 		}
 	if (argc != i + 2 || (!is_outside_repo(argv[i + 1], nongit, prefix) &&
@@ -321,6 +324,9 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int silent_on_removed)
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		int changed;
 
+		if (revs->diffopt.quiet && revs->diffopt.has_changes)
+			break;
+
 		if (!ce_path_match(ce, revs->prune_data))
 			continue;
 
@@ -562,6 +568,9 @@ static int diff_cache(struct rev_info *revs,
 		struct cache_entry *ce = *ac;
 		int same = (entries > 1) && ce_same_name(ce, ac[1]);
 
+		if (revs->diffopt.quiet && revs->diffopt.has_changes)
+			break;
+
 		if (!ce_path_match(ce, pathspec))
 			goto skip_entry;
 
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index 416e9a4133..b247b9793e 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -1953,6 +1953,23 @@ int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 	if (options->abbrev <= 0 || 40 < options->abbrev)
 		options->abbrev = 40; /* full */
 
+	/*
+	 * It does not make sense to show the first hit we happened
+	 * to have found.  It does not make sense not to return with
+	 * exit code in such a case either.
+	 */
+	if (options->quiet) {
+		options->output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+		options->exit_with_status = 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we postprocess in diffcore, we cannot simply return
+	 * upon the first hit.  We need to run diff as usual.
+	 */
+	if (options->pickaxe || options->filter)
+		options->quiet = 0;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2129,6 +2146,10 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		options->color_diff = options->color_diff_words = 1;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-renames"))
 		options->detect_rename = 0;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--exit-code"))
+		options->exit_with_status = 1;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet"))
+		options->quiet = 1;
 	else
 		return 0;
 	return 1;
@@ -2893,6 +2914,8 @@ static void diffcore_apply_filter(const char *filter)
 
 void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *options)
 {
+	if (options->quiet)
+		return;
 	if (options->break_opt != -1)
 		diffcore_break(options->break_opt);
 	if (options->detect_rename)
@@ -2905,18 +2928,11 @@ void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *options)
 		diffcore_order(options->orderfile);
 	diff_resolve_rename_copy();
 	diffcore_apply_filter(options->filter);
+
+	options->has_changes = !!diff_queued_diff.nr;
 }
 
 
-void diffcore_std_no_resolve(struct diff_options *options)
-{
-	if (options->pickaxe)
-		diffcore_pickaxe(options->pickaxe, options->pickaxe_opts);
-	if (options->orderfile)
-		diffcore_order(options->orderfile);
-	diffcore_apply_filter(options->filter);
-}
-
 void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
@@ -2952,6 +2968,7 @@ void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 		fill_filespec(two, sha1, mode);
 
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
+	options->has_changes = 1;
 }
 
 void diff_change(struct diff_options *options,
@@ -2977,6 +2994,7 @@ void diff_change(struct diff_options *options,
 	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_mode);
 
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
+	options->has_changes = 1;
 }
 
 void diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *options,
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index 4b435e8b19..a0d2ce1399 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -56,7 +56,10 @@ struct diff_options {
 		 silent_on_remove:1,
 		 find_copies_harder:1,
 		 color_diff:1,
-		 color_diff_words:1;
+		 color_diff_words:1,
+		 has_changes:1,
+		 quiet:1,
+		 exit_with_status:1;
 	int context;
 	int break_opt;
 	int detect_rename;
@@ -170,8 +173,6 @@ extern int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *);
 
 extern void diffcore_std(struct diff_options *);
 
-extern void diffcore_std_no_resolve(struct diff_options *);
-
 #define COMMON_DIFF_OPTIONS_HELP \
 "\ncommon diff options:\n" \
 "  -z            output diff-raw with lines terminated with NUL.\n" \
diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c
index 0151ad0722..22316597df 100644
--- a/environment.c
+++ b/environment.c
@@ -20,13 +20,14 @@ int is_bare_repository_cfg = -1; /* unspecified */
 int log_all_ref_updates = -1; /* unspecified */
 int warn_ambiguous_refs = 1;
 int repository_format_version;
-char *git_commit_encoding;
+const char *git_commit_encoding;
 const char *git_log_output_encoding;
 int shared_repository = PERM_UMASK;
 const char *apply_default_whitespace;
 int zlib_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
 size_t packed_git_window_size = DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_WINDOW_SIZE;
 size_t packed_git_limit = DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_LIMIT;
+size_t delta_base_cache_limit = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
 int pager_in_use;
 int pager_use_color = 1;
 int auto_crlf = 0;	/* 1: both ways, -1: only when adding git objects */
diff --git a/git-applymbox.sh b/git-applymbox.sh
index 2cbdc7eb3c..3efd6a7464 100755
--- a/git-applymbox.sh
+++ b/git-applymbox.sh
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ do
     *)
 	    git-mailinfo $keep_subject $utf8 \
 		.dotest/msg .dotest/patch <$i >.dotest/info || exit 1
-	    test -s $dotest/patch || {
+	    test -s .dotest/patch || {
 		echo "Patch is empty.  Was is split wrong?"
-		stop_here $this
+		exit 1
 	    }
 	    git-stripspace < .dotest/msg > .dotest/msg-clean
 	    ;;
diff --git a/git-checkout.sh b/git-checkout.sh
index c5dfc14d3a..e67010ac48 100755
--- a/git-checkout.sh
+++ b/git-checkout.sh
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ while [ "$#" != "0" ]; do
     esac
 done
 
-case "$new_branch,$track" in
+case "$newbranch,$track" in
 ,--*)
 	die "git checkout: --track and --no-track require -b"
 esac
diff --git a/git-cvsserver.perl b/git-cvsserver.perl
index 65fcc84049..68aa75255e 100755
--- a/git-cvsserver.perl
+++ b/git-cvsserver.perl
@@ -947,6 +947,7 @@ sub req_update
 
             # we need to merge with the local changes ( M=successful merge, C=conflict merge )
             $log->info("Merging $file_local, $file_old, $file_new");
+            print "M Merging differences between 1.$oldmeta->{revision} and 1.$meta->{revision} into $filename\n";
 
             $log->debug("Temporary directory for merge is $dir");
 
@@ -973,6 +974,7 @@ sub req_update
             elsif ( $return == 1 )
             {
                 $log->info("Merged with conflicts");
+                print "E cvs update: conflicts found in $filename\n";
                 print "M C $filename\n";
 
                 # Don't want to actually _DO_ the update if -n specified
@@ -1067,6 +1069,7 @@ sub req_ci
     $log->info("Created index '$file_index' with for head $state->{module} - exit status $?");
 
     my @committedfiles = ();
+    my %oldmeta;
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
     foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
@@ -1077,6 +1080,7 @@ sub req_ci
         next unless ( exists $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} or not $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} );
 
         my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+	$oldmeta{$filename} = $meta;
 
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
@@ -1205,11 +1209,18 @@ sub req_ci
 
         $log->debug("Checked-in $dirpart : $filename");
 
+	print "M $state->{CVSROOT}/$state->{module}/$filename,v  <--  $dirpart$filepart\n";
         if ( defined $meta->{filehash} && $meta->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
         {
+            print "M new revision: delete; previous revision: 1.$oldmeta{$filename}{revision}\n";
             print "Remove-entry $dirpart\n";
             print "$filename\n";
         } else {
+            if ($meta->{revision} == 1) {
+	        print "M initial revision: 1.1\n";
+            } else {
+	        print "M new revision: 1.$meta->{revision}; previous revision: 1.$oldmeta{$filename}{revision}\n";
+            }
             print "Checked-in $dirpart\n";
             print "$filename\n";
             my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filepart);
@@ -1295,7 +1306,7 @@ sub req_status
         }
         if ( defined($meta->{revision}) )
         {
-            print "M Repository revision:\t1." . $meta->{revision} . "\t$state->{repository}/$filename,v\n";
+            print "M Repository revision:\t1." . $meta->{revision} . "\t$state->{CVSROOT}/$state->{module}/$filename,v\n";
             print "M Sticky Tag:\t\t(none)\n";
             print "M Sticky Date:\t\t(none)\n";
             print "M Sticky Options:\t\t(none)\n";
diff --git a/git-fetch.sh b/git-fetch.sh
index 9d45dd266a..e218042843 100755
--- a/git-fetch.sh
+++ b/git-fetch.sh
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ then
 	fi
 fi
 
-fetch_native () {
+fetch_all_at_once () {
 
   eval=$(echo "$1" | git-fetch--tool parse-reflist "-")
   eval "$eval"
@@ -165,7 +165,9 @@ fetch_native () {
     ( : subshell because we muck with IFS
       IFS=" 	$LF"
       (
-	if test -f "$remote" ; then
+	if test "$remote" = . ; then
+	    git-show-ref $rref || echo failed "$remote"
+	elif test -f "$remote" ; then
 	    test -n "$shallow_depth" &&
 		die "shallow clone with bundle is not supported"
 	    git-bundle unbundle "$remote" $rref ||
@@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ fetch_native () {
 
 }
 
-fetch_dumb () {
+fetch_per_ref () {
   reflist="$1"
   refs=
   rref=
@@ -292,10 +294,10 @@ fetch_dumb () {
 fetch_main () {
 	case "$remote" in
 	http://* | https://* | ftp://* | rsync://* )
-		fetch_dumb "$@"
+		fetch_per_ref "$@"
 		;;
 	*)
-		fetch_native "$@"
+		fetch_all_at_once "$@"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
diff --git a/git-merge.sh b/git-merge.sh
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index c56edf6b7c..ec30da462a
--- a/git-merge.sh
+++ b/git-merge.sh
@@ -337,13 +337,13 @@ f,*)
 	# Again the most common case of merging one remote.
 	echo "Updating $(git-rev-parse --short $head)..$(git-rev-parse --short $1)"
 	git-update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-	new_head=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$1^0") &&
-	merge_local_changes $head $new_head &&
 	msg="Fast forward"
 	if test -n "$have_message"
 	then
 		msg="$msg (no commit created; -m option ignored)"
 	fi
+	new_head=$(git-rev-parse --verify "$1^0") &&
+	merge_local_changes $head $new_head &&
 	finish "$new_head" "$msg" || exit
 	dropsave
 	exit 0
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index 52386a5443..7942fd0b64 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -185,9 +185,9 @@ merge_file () {
 		mv -- "$BACKUP" "$path.orig"
 	    fi
 	    ;;
-	meld)
+	meld|vimdiff)
 	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    meld -- "$LOCAL" "$path" "$REMOTE"
+	    $merge_tool -- "$LOCAL" "$path" "$REMOTE"
 	    if test "$path" -nt "$BACKUP" ; then
 		status=0;
 	    else
@@ -288,10 +288,15 @@ done
 
 if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
     merge_tool=`git-config merge.tool`
-    if test $merge_tool = kdiff3 -o $merge_tool = tkdiff -o \
-	$merge_tool = xxdiff -o $merge_tool = meld ; then
-	unset merge_tool
-    fi
+    case "$merge_tool" in
+	kdiff3 | tkdiff | xxdiff | meld | emerge | vimdiff)
+	    ;; # happy
+	*)
+	    echo >&2 "git config option merge.tool set to unknown tool: $merge_tool"
+	    echo >&2 "Resetting to default..."
+	    unset merge_tool
+	    ;;
+    esac
 fi
 
 if test -z "$merge_tool" ; then
@@ -305,6 +310,8 @@ if test -z "$merge_tool" ; then
 	merge_tool=meld
     elif type emacs >/dev/null 2>&1; then
 	merge_tool=emerge
+    elif type vimdiff >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+	merge_tool=vimdiff
     else
 	echo "No available merge resolution programs available."
 	exit 1
@@ -312,7 +319,7 @@ if test -z "$merge_tool" ; then
 fi
 
 case "$merge_tool" in
-    kdiff3|tkdiff|meld|xxdiff)
+    kdiff3|tkdiff|meld|xxdiff|vimdiff)
 	if ! type "$merge_tool" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
 	    echo "The merge tool $merge_tool is not available"
 	    exit 1
diff --git a/git-parse-remote.sh b/git-parse-remote.sh
index c46131f6d6..437b0c3b1b 100755
--- a/git-parse-remote.sh
+++ b/git-parse-remote.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ get_data_source () {
 	*/*)
 		echo ''
 		;;
+	.)
+		echo self
+		;;
 	*)
 		if test "$(git-config --get "remote.$1.url")"
 		then
@@ -31,6 +34,9 @@ get_remote_url () {
 	'')
 		echo "$1"
 		;;
+	self)
+		echo "$1"
+		;;
 	config)
 		git-config --get "remote.$1.url"
 		;;
@@ -57,7 +63,7 @@ get_default_remote () {
 get_remote_default_refs_for_push () {
 	data_source=$(get_data_source "$1")
 	case "$data_source" in
-	'' | branches)
+	'' | branches | self)
 		;; # no default push mapping, just send matching refs.
 	config)
 		git-config --get-all "remote.$1.push" ;;
@@ -163,6 +169,10 @@ get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch () {
 	case "$data_source" in
 	'')
 		echo "HEAD:" ;;
+	self)
+	        canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$1" \
+			$(git-for-each-ref --format='%(refname):')
+		;;
 	config)
 		canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$1" \
 			$(git-config --get-all "remote.$1.fetch") ;;
@@ -177,7 +187,7 @@ get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch () {
 					}' "$GIT_DIR/remotes/$1")
 		;;
 	*)
-		die "internal error: get-remote-default-ref-for-push $1" ;;
+		die "internal error: get-remote-default-ref-for-fetch $1" ;;
 	esac
 }
 
diff --git a/git-send-email.perl b/git-send-email.perl
index 6989c0260f..ae50990d08 100755
--- a/git-send-email.perl
+++ b/git-send-email.perl
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ Options:
                   Defaults to on.
 
    --no-signed-off-cc Suppress the automatic addition of email addresses
-                 that appear in a Signed-off-by: line, to the cc: list.
-		 Note: Using this option is not recommended.
+                 that appear in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the cc:
+                 list.  Note: Using this option is not recommended.
 
    --smtp-server  If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use.
                   Defaults to localhost.
@@ -572,8 +572,8 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 			}
 		} else {
 			$message .=  $_;
-			if (/^Signed-off-by: (.*)$/i && !$no_signed_off_cc) {
-				my $c = $1;
+			if (/^(Signed-off-by|Cc): (.*)$/i && !$no_signed_off_cc) {
+				my $c = $2;
 				chomp $c;
 				push @cc, $c;
 				printf("(sob) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 599cbdf231..501b482723 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv, char **envp)
 		{ "format-patch", cmd_format_patch, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "fsck", cmd_fsck, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "fsck-objects", cmd_fsck, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "gc", cmd_gc, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "get-tar-commit-id", cmd_get_tar_commit_id },
 		{ "grep", cmd_grep, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
 		{ "help", cmd_help },
diff --git a/local-fetch.c b/local-fetch.c
index 7cfe8b3587..4b650efa8b 100644
--- a/local-fetch.c
+++ b/local-fetch.c
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ static int copy_file(const char *source, char *dest, const char *hex,
 		}
 		/* If we got ENOENT there is no point continuing. */
 		if (errno == ENOENT) {
-			if (warn_if_not_exists)
-				fprintf(stderr, "does not exist %s\n", source);
-			return -1;
+			if (!warn_if_not_exists)
+				return -1;
+			return error("does not exist %s", source);
 		}
 	}
 	if (use_symlink) {
@@ -74,9 +74,8 @@ static int copy_file(const char *source, char *dest, const char *hex,
 		if (stat(source, &st)) {
 			if (!warn_if_not_exists && errno == ENOENT)
 				return -1;
-			fprintf(stderr, "cannot stat %s: %s\n", source,
-				strerror(errno));
-			return -1;
+			return error("cannot stat %s: %s", source,
+				     strerror(errno));
 		}
 		if (!symlink(source, dest)) {
 			pull_say("symlink %s\n", hex);
@@ -90,25 +89,21 @@ static int copy_file(const char *source, char *dest, const char *hex,
 		if (ifd < 0) {
 			if (!warn_if_not_exists && errno == ENOENT)
 				return -1;
-			fprintf(stderr, "cannot open %s\n", source);
-			return -1;
+			return error("cannot open %s", source);
 		}
 		ofd = open(dest, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
 		if (ofd < 0) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cannot open %s\n", dest);
 			close(ifd);
-			return -1;
+			return error("cannot open %s", dest);
 		}
 		status = copy_fd(ifd, ofd);
 		close(ofd);
 		if (status)
-			fprintf(stderr, "cannot write %s\n", dest);
-		else
-			pull_say("copy %s\n", hex);
-		return status;
+			return error("cannot write %s", dest);
+		pull_say("copy %s\n", hex);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	fprintf(stderr, "failed to copy %s with given copy methods.\n", hex);
-	return -1;
+	return error("failed to copy %s with given copy methods.", hex);
 }
 
 static int fetch_pack(const unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -181,13 +176,11 @@ int fetch_ref(char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
 	ifd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
 	if (ifd < 0) {
 		close(ifd);
-		fprintf(stderr, "cannot open %s\n", filename);
-		return -1;
+		return error("cannot open %s", filename);
 	}
 	if (read_in_full(ifd, hex, 40) != 40 || get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1)) {
 		close(ifd);
-		fprintf(stderr, "cannot read from %s\n", filename);
-		return -1;
+		return error("cannot read from %s", filename);
 	}
 	close(ifd);
 	pull_say("ref %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
diff --git a/merge-index.c b/merge-index.c
index e1721423f2..5599fd321b 100644
--- a/merge-index.c
+++ b/merge-index.c
@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "spawn-pipe.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 static const char *pgm;
-static const char *arguments[9];	/* last one is always NULL */
+static const char *arguments[9];
 static int one_shot, quiet;
 static int err;
 
 static void run_program(void)
 {
-	pid_t pid = spawnvpe_pipe(pgm, arguments, environ, NULL, NULL);
-	int status;
-
-	if (pid < 0)
-		die("unable to fork");
-
-	if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0 || !WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status)) {
+	struct child_process child;
+	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
+	child.argv = arguments;
+	if (run_command(&child)) {
 		if (one_shot) {
 			err++;
 		} else {
@@ -31,6 +28,7 @@ static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 	
 	if (pos >= active_nr)
 		die("git-merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
+	arguments[0] = pgm;
 	arguments[1] = "";
 	arguments[2] = "";
 	arguments[3] = "";
@@ -38,6 +36,7 @@ static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 	arguments[5] = "";
 	arguments[6] = "";
 	arguments[7] = "";
+	arguments[8] = NULL;
 	found = 0;
 	do {
 		static char hexbuf[4][60];
diff --git a/pack-check.c b/pack-check.c
index 299c514128..d9883225ea 100644
--- a/pack-check.c
+++ b/pack-check.c
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 		struct pack_window **w_curs)
 {
 	off_t index_size = p->index_size;
-	void *index_base = p->index_base;
+	const unsigned char *index_base = p->index_data;
 	SHA_CTX ctx;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	off_t offset = 0, pack_sig = p->pack_size - 20;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 	if (hashcmp(sha1, use_pack(p, w_curs, pack_sig, NULL)))
 		return error("Packfile %s SHA1 mismatch with itself",
 			     p->pack_name);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, (unsigned char *)index_base + index_size - 40))
+	if (hashcmp(sha1, index_base + index_size - 40))
 		return error("Packfile %s SHA1 mismatch with idx",
 			     p->pack_name);
 	unuse_pack(w_curs);
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ static void show_pack_info(struct packed_git *p)
 int verify_pack(struct packed_git *p, int verbose)
 {
 	off_t index_size = p->index_size;
-	void *index_base = p->index_base;
+	const unsigned char *index_base = p->index_data;
 	SHA_CTX ctx;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int ret;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ int verify_pack(struct packed_git *p, int verbose)
 	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 	SHA1_Update(&ctx, index_base, (unsigned int)(index_size - 20));
 	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, (unsigned char *)index_base + index_size - 20))
+	if (hashcmp(sha1, index_base + index_size - 20))
 		ret = error("Packfile index for %s SHA1 mismatch",
 			    p->pack_name);
 
diff --git a/pack-redundant.c b/pack-redundant.c
index c8f7d9af7b..40e579b2d9 100644
--- a/pack-redundant.c
+++ b/pack-redundant.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ static int load_all_packs, verbose, alt_odb;
 
 struct llist_item {
 	struct llist_item *next;
-	unsigned char *sha1;
+	const unsigned char *sha1;
 };
 static struct llist {
 	struct llist_item *front;
@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ static struct llist * llist_copy(struct llist *list)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static inline struct llist_item * llist_insert(struct llist *list,
-					       struct llist_item *after,
-					       unsigned char *sha1)
+static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert(struct llist *list,
+					      struct llist_item *after,
+					       const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct llist_item *new = llist_item_get();
 	new->sha1 = sha1;
@@ -128,12 +128,14 @@ static inline struct llist_item * llist_insert(struct llist *list,
 	return new;
 }
 
-static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert_back(struct llist *list, unsigned char *sha1)
+static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert_back(struct llist *list,
+						   const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	return llist_insert(list, list->back, sha1);
 }
 
-static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert_sorted_unique(struct llist *list, unsigned char *sha1, struct llist_item *hint)
+static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert_sorted_unique(struct llist *list,
+			const unsigned char *sha1, struct llist_item *hint)
 {
 	struct llist_item *prev = NULL, *l;
 
@@ -246,12 +248,12 @@ static struct pack_list * pack_list_difference(const struct pack_list *A,
 static void cmp_two_packs(struct pack_list *p1, struct pack_list *p2)
 {
 	int p1_off, p2_off;
-	unsigned char *p1_base, *p2_base;
+	const unsigned char *p1_base, *p2_base;
 	struct llist_item *p1_hint = NULL, *p2_hint = NULL;
 
 	p1_off = p2_off = 256 * 4 + 4;
-	p1_base = (unsigned char *) p1->pack->index_base;
-	p2_base = (unsigned char *) p2->pack->index_base;
+	p1_base = p1->pack->index_data;
+	p2_base = p2->pack->index_data;
 
 	while (p1_off <= p1->pack->index_size - 3 * 20 &&
 	       p2_off <= p2->pack->index_size - 3 * 20)
@@ -351,11 +353,11 @@ static size_t sizeof_union(struct packed_git *p1, struct packed_git *p2)
 {
 	size_t ret = 0;
 	int p1_off, p2_off;
-	unsigned char *p1_base, *p2_base;
+	const unsigned char *p1_base, *p2_base;
 
 	p1_off = p2_off = 256 * 4 + 4;
-	p1_base = (unsigned char *)p1->index_base;
-	p2_base = (unsigned char *)p2->index_base;
+	p1_base = p1->index_data;
+	p2_base = p2->index_data;
 
 	while (p1_off <= p1->index_size - 3 * 20 &&
 	       p2_off <= p2->index_size - 3 * 20)
@@ -534,7 +536,7 @@ static struct pack_list * add_pack(struct packed_git *p)
 {
 	struct pack_list l;
 	size_t off;
-	unsigned char *base;
+	const unsigned char *base;
 
 	if (!p->pack_local && !(alt_odb || verbose))
 		return NULL;
@@ -543,7 +545,7 @@ static struct pack_list * add_pack(struct packed_git *p)
 	llist_init(&l.all_objects);
 
 	off = 256 * 4 + 4;
-	base = (unsigned char *)p->index_base;
+	base = p->index_data;
 	while (off <= p->index_size - 3 * 20) {
 		llist_insert_back(l.all_objects, base + off);
 		off += 24;
diff --git a/pack.h b/pack.h
index deb427edbe..d4d412ccbb 100644
--- a/pack.h
+++ b/pack.h
@@ -16,24 +16,15 @@ struct pack_header {
 };
 
 /*
- * Packed object index header
- *
- * struct pack_idx_header {
- * 	uint32_t idx_signature;
- *	uint32_t idx_version;
- * };
- *
- * Note: this header isn't active yet.  In future versions of git
- * we may change the index file format.  At that time we would start
- * the first four bytes of the new index format with this signature,
- * as all older git binaries would find this value illegal and abort
- * reading the file.
+ * The first four bytes of index formats later than version 1 should
+ * start with this signature, as all older git binaries would find this
+ * value illegal and abort reading the file.
  *
  * This is the case because the number of objects in a packfile
  * cannot exceed 1,431,660,000 as every object would need at least
- * 3 bytes of data and the overall packfile cannot exceed 4 GiB due
- * to the 32 bit offsets used by the index.  Clearly the signature
- * exceeds this maximum.
+ * 3 bytes of data and the overall packfile cannot exceed 4 GiB with
+ * version 1 of the index file due to the offsets limited to 32 bits.
+ * Clearly the signature exceeds this maximum.
  *
  * Very old git binaries will also compare the first 4 bytes to the
  * next 4 bytes in the index and abort with a "non-monotonic index"
@@ -43,6 +34,15 @@ struct pack_header {
  */
 #define PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE 0xff744f63	/* "\377tOc" */
 
+/*
+ * Packed object index header
+ */
+struct pack_idx_header {
+	uint32_t idx_signature;
+	uint32_t idx_version;
+};
+
+
 extern int verify_pack(struct packed_git *, int);
 
 #define PH_ERROR_EOF		(-1)
diff --git a/receive-pack.c b/receive-pack.c
index c2dc361bba..26aa26bcb5 100644
--- a/receive-pack.c
+++ b/receive-pack.c
@@ -382,10 +382,10 @@ static const char *unpack(void)
 		}
 	} else {
 		const char *keeper[6];
-		int fd[2], s, len, status;
-		pid_t pid;
+		int s, len, status;
 		char keep_arg[256];
 		char packname[46];
+		struct child_process ip;
 
 		s = sprintf(keep_arg, "--keep=receive-pack %i on ", getpid());
 		if (gethostname(keep_arg + s, sizeof(keep_arg) - s))
@@ -397,11 +397,11 @@ static const char *unpack(void)
 		keeper[3] = hdr_arg;
 		keeper[4] = keep_arg;
 		keeper[5] = NULL;
-
-		if (pipe(fd) < 0)
-			return "index-pack pipe failed";
-		pid = spawnv_git_cmd(keeper, NULL, fd);
-		if (pid < 0)
+		memset(&ip, 0, sizeof(ip));
+		ip.argv = keeper;
+		ip.out = -1;
+		ip.git_cmd = 1;
+		if (start_command(&ip))
 			return "index-pack fork failed";
 
 		/*
@@ -412,9 +412,8 @@ static const char *unpack(void)
 		 * later on.  If we don't get that then tough luck with it.
 		 */
 		for (len = 0;
-		     len < 46 && (s = xread(fd[0], packname+len, 46-len)) > 0;
+		     len < 46 && (s = xread(ip.out, packname+len, 46-len)) > 0;
 		     len += s);
-		close(fd[0]);
 		if (len == 46 && packname[45] == '\n' &&
 		    memcmp(packname, "keep\t", 5) == 0) {
 			char path[PATH_MAX];
@@ -424,14 +423,8 @@ static const char *unpack(void)
 			pack_lockfile = xstrdup(path);
 		}
 
-		/* Then wrap our index-pack process. */
-		while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
-			if (errno != EINTR)
-				return "waitpid failed";
-		if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
-			int code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-			if (code)
-				return "index-pack exited with error code";
+		status = finish_command(&ip);
+		if (!status) {
 			reprepare_packed_git();
 			return NULL;
 		}
@@ -485,7 +478,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (!dir)
 		usage(receive_pack_usage);
 
-	if(!enter_repo(dir, 0))
+	if (!enter_repo(dir, 0))
 		die("'%s': unable to chdir or not a git archive", dir);
 
 	if (is_repository_shallow())
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index 3c2eb125e6..bcdb6a1212 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -213,6 +213,13 @@ static int everybody_uninteresting(struct commit_list *orig)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The goal is to get REV_TREE_NEW as the result only if the
+ * diff consists of all '+' (and no other changes), and
+ * REV_TREE_DIFFERENT otherwise (of course if the trees are
+ * the same we want REV_TREE_SAME).  That means that once we
+ * get to REV_TREE_DIFFERENT, we do not have to look any further.
+ */
 static int tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
 
 static void file_add_remove(struct diff_options *options,
@@ -236,6 +243,8 @@ static void file_add_remove(struct diff_options *options,
 		diff = REV_TREE_NEW;
 	}
 	tree_difference = diff;
+	if (tree_difference == REV_TREE_DIFFERENT)
+		options->has_changes = 1;
 }
 
 static void file_change(struct diff_options *options,
@@ -245,6 +254,7 @@ static void file_change(struct diff_options *options,
 		 const char *base, const char *path)
 {
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
+	options->has_changes = 1;
 }
 
 int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *t1, struct tree *t2)
@@ -254,6 +264,7 @@ int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *t1, struct tree *t2)
 	if (!t2)
 		return REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
+	revs->pruning.has_changes = 0;
 	if (diff_tree_sha1(t1->object.sha1, t2->object.sha1, "",
 			   &revs->pruning) < 0)
 		return REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
@@ -277,11 +288,12 @@ int rev_same_tree_as_empty(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *t1)
 	empty.buf = "";
 	empty.size = 0;
 
-	tree_difference = 0;
+	tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
+	revs->pruning.has_changes = 0;
 	retval = diff_tree(&empty, &real, "", &revs->pruning);
 	free(tree);
 
-	return retval >= 0 && !tree_difference;
+	return retval >= 0 && (tree_difference == REV_TREE_SAME);
 }
 
 static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
@@ -545,6 +557,7 @@ void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix)
 	revs->ignore_merges = 1;
 	revs->simplify_history = 1;
 	revs->pruning.recursive = 1;
+	revs->pruning.quiet = 1;
 	revs->pruning.add_remove = file_add_remove;
 	revs->pruning.change = file_change;
 	revs->lifo = 1;
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index 420c943d92..034d1cf4d1 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -11,10 +11,11 @@ static inline void close_pair(int fd[2])
 
 int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
-	int need_in = !cmd->no_stdin && cmd->in < 0;
+	int need_in, need_out;
 	int fdin[2] = { -1, -1 };
-	int fd_o[2] = { -1, -1 };
+	int fdout[2] = { -1, -1 };
 
+	need_in = !cmd->no_stdin && cmd->in < 0;
 	if (need_in) {
 		if (pipe(fdin) < 0)
 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
@@ -22,27 +23,49 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 		cmd->close_in = 1;
 	}
 
+	need_out = !cmd->no_stdout
+		&& !cmd->stdout_to_stderr
+		&& cmd->out < 0;
+	if (need_out) {
+		if (pipe(fdout) < 0) {
+			if (need_in)
+				close_pair(fdin);
+			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
+		}
+		cmd->out = fdout[0];
+		cmd->close_out = 1;
+	}
+
 	{
-		if (cmd->no_stdin) {
+		if (cmd->no_stdin)
 			fdin[0] = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
-		} else if (need_in) {
+		else if (need_in) {
 			/* nothing */
 		} else if (cmd->in) {
 			fdin[0] = cmd->in;
 		}
 
-		if (cmd->stdout_to_stderr)
-			fd_o[1] = dup(2);
+		if (cmd->no_stdout)
+			fdout[1] = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
+		else if (cmd->stdout_to_stderr)
+			fdout[1] = dup(2);
+		else if (need_out) {
+			/* nothing */
+		} else if (cmd->out > 1) {
+			fdout[1] = cmd->out;
+		}
+
 		if (cmd->git_cmd) {
-			cmd->pid = spawnv_git_cmd(cmd->argv, fdin, fd_o);
+			cmd->pid = spawnv_git_cmd(cmd->argv, fdin, fdout);
 		} else {
-			cmd->pid = spawnvpe_pipe(cmd->argv[0], cmd->argv, environ, fdin, fd_o);
+			cmd->pid = spawnvpe_pipe(cmd->argv[0], cmd->argv, environ, fdin, fdout);
 		}
 	}
 	if (cmd->pid < 0) {
-		if (need_in) {
+		if (need_in)
 			close_pair(fdin);
-		}
+		if (need_out)
+			close_pair(fdout);
 		return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
 	}
 
@@ -53,6 +76,8 @@ int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
 	if (cmd->close_in)
 		close(cmd->in);
+	if (cmd->close_out)
+		close(cmd->out);
 
 	for (;;) {
 		int status, code;
diff --git a/run-command.h b/run-command.h
index ff090679a6..3680ef9d45 100644
--- a/run-command.h
+++ b/run-command.h
@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ struct child_process {
 	const char **argv;
 	pid_t pid;
 	int in;
+	int out;
 	unsigned close_in:1;
+	unsigned close_out:1;
 	unsigned no_stdin:1;
+	unsigned no_stdout:1;
 	unsigned git_cmd:1; /* if this is to be git sub-command */
 	unsigned stdout_to_stderr:1;
 };
diff --git a/send-pack.c b/send-pack.c
index 597130f41a..d5b51628df 100644
--- a/send-pack.c
+++ b/send-pack.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 static const char send_pack_usage[] =
 "git-send-pack [--all] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]\n"
@@ -19,16 +19,12 @@ static int use_thin_pack;
  */
 static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs)
 {
-	int pipe_fd[2];
-	int pack_fd[2] = { -1, fd };
-	pid_t pid;
-
 	/*
 	 * The child becomes pack-objects --revs; we feed
 	 * the revision parameters to it via its stdin and
 	 * let its stdout go back to the other end.
 	 */
-	static const char *args[] = {
+	const char *args[] = {
 		"pack-objects",
 		"--all-progress",
 		"--revs",
@@ -36,20 +32,22 @@ static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs)
 		NULL,
 		NULL,
 	};
+	struct child_process po;
+
 	if (use_thin_pack)
 		args[4] = "--thin";
-
-	if (pipe(pipe_fd) < 0)
-		return error("send-pack: pipe failed");
-	pid = spawnv_git_cmd(args, pipe_fd, pack_fd);
-	if (pid < 0)
-		return error("send-pack: unable to fork git-pack-objects");
+	memset(&po, 0, sizeof(po));
+	po.argv = args;
+	po.in = -1;
+	po.out = fd;
+	po.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&po))
+		die("git-pack-objects failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
 
 	/*
 	 * We feed the pack-objects we just spawned with revision
 	 * parameters by writing to the pipe.
 	 */
-
 	while (refs) {
 		char buf[42];
 
@@ -58,38 +56,23 @@ static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs)
 			memcpy(buf + 1, sha1_to_hex(refs->old_sha1), 40);
 			buf[0] = '^';
 			buf[41] = '\n';
-			if (!write_or_whine(pipe_fd[1], buf, 42,
+			if (!write_or_whine(po.in, buf, 42,
 						"send-pack: send refs"))
 				break;
 		}
 		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->new_sha1)) {
 			memcpy(buf, sha1_to_hex(refs->new_sha1), 40);
 			buf[40] = '\n';
-			if (!write_or_whine(pipe_fd[1], buf, 41,
+			if (!write_or_whine(po.in, buf, 41,
 						"send-pack: send refs"))
 				break;
 		}
 		refs = refs->next;
 	}
-	close(pipe_fd[1]);
 
-	for (;;) {
-		int status, code;
-		pid_t waiting = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
-
-		if (waiting < 0) {
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				continue;
-			return error("waitpid failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
-		}
-		if ((waiting != pid) || WIFSIGNALED(status) ||
-		    !WIFEXITED(status))
-			return error("pack-objects died with strange error");
-		code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-		if (code)
-			return -code;
-		return 0;
-	}
+	if (finish_command(&po))
+		return error("pack-objects died with strange error");
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void unmark_and_free(struct commit_list *list, unsigned int mark)
diff --git a/sha1_file.c b/sha1_file.c
index 17698dc306..6bcbdcf55c 100644
--- a/sha1_file.c
+++ b/sha1_file.c
@@ -440,16 +440,15 @@ void pack_report()
 		pack_mapped, peak_pack_mapped);
 }
 
-static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,
-	unsigned long *idx_size_,
-	void **idx_map_)
+static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,  struct packed_git *p)
 {
 	void *idx_map;
-	uint32_t *index;
+	struct pack_idx_header *hdr;
 	size_t idx_size;
-	uint32_t nr, i;
+	uint32_t nr, i, *index;
 	int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	struct stat st;
+
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return -1;
 	if (fstat(fd, &st)) {
@@ -464,15 +463,12 @@ static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,
 	idx_map = xmmap(NULL, idx_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
 	close(fd);
 
-	index = idx_map;
-	*idx_map_ = idx_map;
-	*idx_size_ = idx_size;
-
 	/* a future index format would start with this, as older git
 	 * binaries would fail the non-monotonic index check below.
 	 * give a nicer warning to the user if we can.
 	 */
-	if (index[0] == htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE)) {
+	hdr = idx_map;
+	if (hdr->idx_signature == htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE)) {
 		munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
 		return error("index file %s is a newer version"
 			" and is not supported by this binary"
@@ -481,6 +477,7 @@ static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,
 	}
 
 	nr = 0;
+	index = idx_map;
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
 		uint32_t n = ntohl(index[i]);
 		if (n < nr) {
@@ -502,6 +499,9 @@ static int check_packed_git_idx(const char *path,
 		return error("wrong index file size in %s", path);
 	}
 
+	p->index_version = 1;
+	p->index_data = idx_map;
+	p->index_size = idx_size;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ static int open_packed_git_1(struct packed_git *p)
 		return error("end of packfile %s is unavailable", p->pack_name);
 	if (read_in_full(p->pack_fd, sha1, sizeof(sha1)) != sizeof(sha1))
 		return error("packfile %s signature is unavailable", p->pack_name);
-	idx_sha1 = ((unsigned char *)p->index_base) + p->index_size - 40;
+	idx_sha1 = ((unsigned char *)p->index_data) + p->index_size - 40;
 	if (hashcmp(sha1, idx_sha1))
 		return error("packfile %s does not match index", p->pack_name);
 	return 0;
@@ -720,38 +720,37 @@ unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
 	return win->base + offset;
 }
 
-struct packed_git *add_packed_git(char *path, int path_len, int local)
+struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, int path_len, int local)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	struct packed_git *p;
-	unsigned long idx_size;
-	void *idx_map;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct packed_git *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p) + path_len + 2);
 
-	if (check_packed_git_idx(path, &idx_size, &idx_map))
+	/*
+	 * Make sure a corresponding .pack file exists and that
+	 * the index looks sane.
+	 */
+	path_len -= strlen(".idx");
+	if (path_len < 1)
 		return NULL;
-
-	/* do we have a corresponding .pack file? */
-	strcpy(path + path_len - 4, ".pack");
-	if (stat(path, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
-		munmap(idx_map, idx_size);
+	memcpy(p->pack_name, path, path_len);
+	strcpy(p->pack_name + path_len, ".pack");
+	if (stat(p->pack_name, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ||
+	    check_packed_git_idx(path, p)) {
+		free(p);
 		return NULL;
 	}
+
 	/* ok, it looks sane as far as we can check without
 	 * actually mapping the pack file.
 	 */
-	p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p) + path_len + 2);
-	strcpy(p->pack_name, path);
-	p->index_size = idx_size;
 	p->pack_size = st.st_size;
-	p->index_base = idx_map;
 	p->next = NULL;
 	p->windows = NULL;
 	p->pack_fd = -1;
 	p->pack_local = local;
 	p->mtime = st.st_mtime;
-	if ((path_len > 44) && !get_sha1_hex(path + path_len - 44, sha1))
-		hashcpy(p->sha1, sha1);
+	if (path_len < 40 || get_sha1_hex(path + path_len - 40, p->sha1))
+		hashclr(p->sha1);
 	return p;
 }
 
@@ -761,23 +760,19 @@ struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1)
 	return parse_pack_index_file(sha1, path);
 }
 
-struct packed_git *parse_pack_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, char *idx_path)
+struct packed_git *parse_pack_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1,
+					 const char *idx_path)
 {
-	struct packed_git *p;
-	unsigned long idx_size;
-	void *idx_map;
-	char *path;
+	const char *path = sha1_pack_name(sha1);
+	struct packed_git *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p) + strlen(path) + 2);
 
-	if (check_packed_git_idx(idx_path, &idx_size, &idx_map))
+	if (check_packed_git_idx(idx_path, p)) {
+		free(p);
 		return NULL;
+	}
 
-	path = sha1_pack_name(sha1);
-
-	p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p) + strlen(path) + 2);
 	strcpy(p->pack_name, path);
-	p->index_size = idx_size;
 	p->pack_size = 0;
-	p->index_base = idx_map;
 	p->next = NULL;
 	p->windows = NULL;
 	p->pack_fd = -1;
@@ -1367,6 +1362,87 @@ static void *unpack_compressed_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 	return buffer;
 }
 
+#define MAX_DELTA_CACHE (256)
+
+static size_t delta_base_cached;
+static struct delta_base_cache_entry {
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	off_t base_offset;
+	unsigned long size;
+	void *data;
+	enum object_type type;
+} delta_base_cache[MAX_DELTA_CACHE];
+
+static unsigned long pack_entry_hash(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
+{
+	unsigned long hash;
+
+	hash = (unsigned long)p + (unsigned long)base_offset;
+	hash += (hash >> 8) + (hash >> 16);
+	return hash & 0xff;
+}
+
+static void *cache_or_unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
+	unsigned long *base_size, enum object_type *type, int keep_cache)
+{
+	void *ret;
+	unsigned long hash = pack_entry_hash(p, base_offset);
+	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent = delta_base_cache + hash;
+
+	ret = ent->data;
+	if (ret && ent->p == p && ent->base_offset == base_offset)
+		goto found_cache_entry;
+	return unpack_entry(p, base_offset, type, base_size);
+
+found_cache_entry:
+	if (!keep_cache) {
+		ent->data = NULL;
+		delta_base_cached -= ent->size;
+	}
+	else {
+		ret = xmalloc(ent->size + 1);
+		memcpy(ret, ent->data, ent->size);
+		((char *)ret)[ent->size] = 0;
+	}
+	*type = ent->type;
+	*base_size = ent->size;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static inline void release_delta_base_cache(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent)
+{
+	if (ent->data) {
+		free(ent->data);
+		ent->data = NULL;
+		delta_base_cached -= ent->size;
+	}
+}
+
+static void add_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
+	void *base, unsigned long base_size, enum object_type type)
+{
+	unsigned long i, hash = pack_entry_hash(p, base_offset);
+	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent = delta_base_cache + hash;
+
+	release_delta_base_cache(ent);
+	delta_base_cached += base_size;
+	for (i = 0; delta_base_cached > delta_base_cache_limit
+		&& i < ARRAY_SIZE(delta_base_cache); i++) {
+		struct delta_base_cache_entry *f = delta_base_cache + i;
+		if (f->type == OBJ_BLOB)
+			release_delta_base_cache(f);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; delta_base_cached > delta_base_cache_limit
+		&& i < ARRAY_SIZE(delta_base_cache); i++)
+		release_delta_base_cache(delta_base_cache + i);
+
+	ent->p = p;
+	ent->base_offset = base_offset;
+	ent->type = type;
+	ent->data = base;
+	ent->size = base_size;
+}
+
 static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 				struct pack_window **w_curs,
 				off_t curpos,
@@ -1380,7 +1456,7 @@ static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 	off_t base_offset;
 
 	base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos, *type, obj_offset);
-	base = unpack_entry(p, base_offset, type, &base_size);
+	base = cache_or_unpack_entry(p, base_offset, &base_size, type, 0);
 	if (!base)
 		die("failed to read delta base object"
 		    " at %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
@@ -1393,7 +1469,7 @@ static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 	if (!result)
 		die("failed to apply delta");
 	free(delta_data);
-	free(base);
+	add_delta_base_cache(p, base_offset, base, base_size, *type);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -1433,24 +1509,27 @@ uint32_t num_packed_objects(const struct packed_git *p)
 int nth_packed_object_sha1(const struct packed_git *p, uint32_t n,
 			   unsigned char* sha1)
 {
-	void *index = p->index_base + 256;
+	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
+	index += 4 * 256;
 	if (num_packed_objects(p) <= n)
 		return -1;
-	hashcpy(sha1, (unsigned char *) index + (24 * n) + 4);
+	hashcpy(sha1, index + 24 * n + 4);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1,
 				  struct packed_git *p)
 {
-	uint32_t *level1_ofs = p->index_base;
+	const uint32_t *level1_ofs = p->index_data;
 	int hi = ntohl(level1_ofs[*sha1]);
 	int lo = ((*sha1 == 0x0) ? 0 : ntohl(level1_ofs[*sha1 - 1]));
-	void *index = p->index_base + 256;
+	const unsigned char *index = p->index_data;
+
+	index += 4 * 256;
 
 	do {
 		int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
-		int cmp = hashcmp((unsigned char *)index + (24 * mi) + 4, sha1);
+		int cmp = hashcmp(index + 24 * mi + 4, sha1);
 		if (!cmp)
 			return ntohl(*((uint32_t *)((char *)index + (24 * mi))));
 		if (cmp > 0)
@@ -1574,7 +1653,7 @@ static void *read_packed_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL))
 		return NULL;
 	else
-		return unpack_entry(e.p, e.offset, type, size);
+		return cache_or_unpack_entry(e.p, e.offset, size, type, 1);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/t/t3200-branch.sh b/t/t3200-branch.sh
index 5604997fe5..9a24ba275a 100755
--- a/t/t3200-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t3200-branch.sh
@@ -147,9 +147,15 @@ test_expect_success 'test overriding tracking setup via --no-track' \
      git-config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
      (git-show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git-fetch local) &&
      git-branch --no-track my2 local/master &&
+     git-config branch.autosetupmerge false &&
      ! test $(git-config branch.my2.remote) = local &&
      ! test $(git-config branch.my2.merge) = refs/heads/master'
 
+test_expect_success 'test local tracking setup' \
+    'git branch --track my6 s &&
+     test $(git-config branch.my6.remote) = . &&
+     test $(git-config branch.my6.merge) = refs/heads/s'
+
 # Keep this test last, as it changes the current branch
 cat >expect <<EOF
 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
diff --git a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..68731908be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Return value of diffs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo 1 >a &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m first &&
+	echo 2 >b &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -a -m second
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD' '
+	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
+	test $? = 1
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD -- a' '
+	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD -- a
+	test $? = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
+	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD -- b
+	test $? = 1
+'
+test_expect_success 'echo HEAD | git diff-tree --stdin' '
+	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD) | git diff-tree --exit-code --stdin
+	test $? = 1
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD HEAD' '
+	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD HEAD
+	test $? = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
+	git diff-files --exit-code
+	test $? = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
+	git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD
+	test $? = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD^' '
+	git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD^
+	test $? = 1
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD^' '
+	echo text >>b &&
+	echo 3 >c &&
+	git add . && {
+		git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD^
+		test $? = 1
+	}
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
+	git commit -m "text in b" && {
+		git diff-tree -p --exit-code -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b
+		test $? = 1
+	}
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -Snot-found HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
+	git diff-tree -p --exit-code -Snot-found HEAD^ HEAD -- b
+	test $? = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
+	echo 3 >>c && {
+		git diff-files --exit-code
+		test $? = 1
+	}
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
+	git update-index c && {
+		git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD
+		test $? = 1
+	}
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4017-quiet.sh b/t/t4017-quiet.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e747e84227
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4017-quiet.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Return value of diffs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo 1 >a &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m first &&
+	echo 2 >b &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -a -m second
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD' '
+	git diff-tree --quiet HEAD^ HEAD >cnt
+	test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD -- a' '
+	git diff-tree --quiet HEAD^ HEAD -- a >cnt
+	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
+	git diff-tree --quiet HEAD^ HEAD -- b >cnt
+	test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+'
+# this diff outputs one line: sha1 of the given head
+test_expect_success 'echo HEAD | git diff-tree --stdin' '
+	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD) | git diff-tree --quiet --stdin >cnt
+	test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 1
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD HEAD' '
+	git diff-tree --quiet HEAD HEAD >cnt
+	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
+	git diff-files --quiet >cnt
+	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD >cnt
+	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD^' '
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD^ >cnt
+	test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD^' '
+	echo text >>b &&
+	echo 3 >c &&
+	git add . && {
+		git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD^ >cnt
+		test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	}
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
+	git commit -m "text in b" && {
+		git diff-tree --quiet -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b >cnt
+		test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	}
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -Snot-found HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
+	git diff-tree --quiet -Snot-found HEAD^ HEAD -- b >cnt
+	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
+	echo 3 >>c && {
+		git diff-files --quiet >cnt
+		test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	}
+'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
+	git update-index c && {
+		git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD >cnt
+		test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	}
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
index 508803a8e0..b985bc5db5 100755
--- a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
+++ b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 cd "$TRASH"
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'pack with delta' \
+    'pack with REF_DELTA' \
     'pwd &&
      packname_2=$(git-pack-objects test-2 <obj-list)'
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ rm -fr .git2
 mkdir .git2
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'unpack with delta' \
+    'unpack with REF_DELTA' \
     'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
      export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
      git-init &&
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
 cd "$TRASH/.git2"
 test_expect_success \
-    'check unpack with delta' \
+    'check unpack with REF_DELTA' \
     '(cd ../.git && find objects -type f -print) |
      while read path
      do
@@ -109,6 +109,42 @@ test_expect_success \
      done'
 cd "$TRASH"
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'pack with OFS_DELTA' \
+    'pwd &&
+     packname_3=$(git-pack-objects --delta-base-offset test-3 <obj-list)'
+
+rm -fr .git2
+mkdir .git2
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'unpack with OFS_DELTA' \
+    'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
+     export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
+     git-init &&
+     git-unpack-objects -n <test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
+     git-unpack-objects <test-3-${packname_3}.pack'
+
+unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
+cd "$TRASH/.git2"
+test_expect_success \
+    'check unpack with OFS_DELTA' \
+    '(cd ../.git && find objects -type f -print) |
+     while read path
+     do
+         cmp $path ../.git/$path || {
+	     echo $path differs.
+	     return 1
+	 }
+     done'
+cd "$TRASH"
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'compare delta flavors' \
+    'size_2=`stat -c "%s" test-2-${packname_2}.pack` &&
+     size_3=`stat -c "%s" test-3-${packname_3}.pack` &&
+     test $size_2 -gt $size_3'
+
 rm -fr .git2
 mkdir .git2
 
@@ -127,12 +163,11 @@ test_expect_success \
     } >current &&
     diff expect current'
 
-
 test_expect_success \
-    'use packed deltified objects' \
+    'use packed deltified (REF_DELTA) objects' \
     'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
      export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
-     rm -f .git2/objects/pack/test-?.idx &&
+     rm .git2/objects/pack/test-* &&
      cp test-2-${packname_2}.pack test-2-${packname_2}.idx .git2/objects/pack && {
 	 git-diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
 	 while read object
@@ -143,11 +178,28 @@ test_expect_success \
     } >current &&
     diff expect current'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'use packed deltified (OFS_DELTA) objects' \
+    'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY=.git2/objects &&
+     export GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY &&
+     rm .git2/objects/pack/test-* &&
+     cp test-3-${packname_3}.pack test-3-${packname_3}.idx .git2/objects/pack && {
+	 git-diff-tree --root -p $commit &&
+	 while read object
+	 do
+	    t=`git-cat-file -t $object` &&
+	    git-cat-file $t $object || return 1
+	 done <obj-list
+    } >current &&
+    diff expect current'
+
 unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
 
 test_expect_success \
     'verify pack' \
-    'git-verify-pack test-1-${packname_1}.idx test-2-${packname_2}.idx'
+    'git-verify-pack	test-1-${packname_1}.idx \
+			test-2-${packname_2}.idx \
+			test-3-${packname_3}.idx'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack catches mismatched .idx and .pack files' \
@@ -208,6 +260,13 @@ test_expect_success \
      git-index-pack test-3.pack &&
      cmp test-3.idx test-2-${packname_2}.idx &&
 
+     cp test-3-${packname_3}.pack test-3.pack &&
+     git-index-pack -o tmp.idx test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
+     cmp tmp.idx test-3-${packname_3}.idx &&
+
+     git-index-pack test-3.pack &&
+     cmp test-3.idx test-3-${packname_3}.idx &&
+
      :'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5520-pull.sh b/t/t5520-pull.sh
index 7eb37838bb..243212d3da 100755
--- a/t/t5520-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5520-pull.sh
@@ -29,5 +29,29 @@ test_expect_success 'checking the results' '
 	diff file cloned/file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'test . as a remote' '
+
+	git branch copy master &&
+	git config branch.copy.remote . &&
+	git config branch.copy.merge refs/heads/master &&
+	echo updated >file &&
+	git commit -a -m updated &&
+	git checkout copy &&
+	test `cat file` = file &&
+	git pull &&
+	test `cat file` = updated
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'the default remote . should not break explicit pull' '
+	git checkout -b second master^ &&
+	echo modified >file &&
+	git commit -a -m modified &&
+	git checkout copy &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	test `cat file` = file &&
+	git pull . second &&
+	test `cat file` = modified
+'
+
 test_done
 
diff --git a/tree-diff.c b/tree-diff.c
index c8275823d0..b2f35dc3d8 100644
--- a/tree-diff.c
+++ b/tree-diff.c
@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 
-static char *malloc_base(const char *base, const char *path, int pathlen)
+static char *malloc_base(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, int pathlen)
 {
-	int baselen = strlen(base);
 	char *newbase = xmalloc(baselen + pathlen + 2);
 	memcpy(newbase, base, baselen);
 	memcpy(newbase + baselen, path, pathlen);
@@ -16,9 +15,9 @@ static char *malloc_base(const char *base, const char *path, int pathlen)
 }
 
 static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree_desc *desc,
-		       const char *base);
+		       const char *base, int baselen);
 
-static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const char *base, struct diff_options *opt)
+static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const char *base, int baselen, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	unsigned mode1, mode2;
 	const char *path1, *path2;
@@ -28,15 +27,15 @@ static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const
 	sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t1, &path1, &mode1);
 	sha2 = tree_entry_extract(t2, &path2, &mode2);
 
-	pathlen1 = strlen(path1);
-	pathlen2 = strlen(path2);
+	pathlen1 = tree_entry_len(path1, sha1);
+	pathlen2 = tree_entry_len(path2, sha2);
 	cmp = base_name_compare(path1, pathlen1, mode1, path2, pathlen2, mode2);
 	if (cmp < 0) {
-		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base);
+		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base, baselen);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (cmp > 0) {
-		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base);
+		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base, baselen);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	if (!opt->find_copies_harder && !hashcmp(sha1, sha2) && mode1 == mode2)
@@ -47,14 +46,14 @@ static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const
 	 * file, we need to consider it a remove and an add.
 	 */
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode1) != S_ISDIR(mode2)) {
-		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base);
-		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base);
+		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base, baselen);
+		show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base, baselen);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (opt->recursive && S_ISDIR(mode1)) {
 		int retval;
-		char *newbase = malloc_base(base, path1, pathlen1);
+		char *newbase = malloc_base(base, baselen, path1, pathlen1);
 		if (opt->tree_in_recursive)
 			opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2,
 				    sha1, sha2, base, path1);
@@ -67,20 +66,28 @@ static int compare_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int interesting(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base, struct diff_options *opt)
+/*
+ * Is a tree entry interesting given the pathspec we have?
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *  - positive for yes
+ *  - zero for no
+ *  - negative for "no, and no subsequent entries will be either"
+ */
+static int tree_entry_interesting(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base, int baselen, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	const char *path;
+	const unsigned char *sha1;
 	unsigned mode;
 	int i;
-	int baselen, pathlen;
+	int pathlen;
 
 	if (!opt->nr_paths)
 		return 1;
 
-	(void)tree_entry_extract(desc, &path, &mode);
+	sha1 = tree_entry_extract(desc, &path, &mode);
 
-	pathlen = strlen(path);
-	baselen = strlen(base);
+	pathlen = tree_entry_len(path, sha1);
 
 	for (i=0; i < opt->nr_paths; i++) {
 		const char *match = opt->paths[i];
@@ -121,18 +128,21 @@ static int interesting(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base, struct diff_opt
 }
 
 /* A whole sub-tree went away or appeared */
-static void show_tree(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base)
+static void show_tree(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base, int baselen)
 {
 	while (desc->size) {
-		if (interesting(desc, base, opt))
-			show_entry(opt, prefix, desc, base);
+		int show = tree_entry_interesting(desc, base, baselen, opt);
+		if (show < 0)
+			break;
+		if (show)
+			show_entry(opt, prefix, desc, base, baselen);
 		update_tree_entry(desc);
 	}
 }
 
 /* A file entry went away or appeared */
 static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree_desc *desc,
-		       const char *base)
+		       const char *base, int baselen)
 {
 	unsigned mode;
 	const char *path;
@@ -140,7 +150,8 @@ static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree
 
 	if (opt->recursive && S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 		enum object_type type;
-		char *newbase = malloc_base(base, path, strlen(path));
+		int pathlen = tree_entry_len(path, sha1);
+		char *newbase = malloc_base(base, baselen, path, pathlen);
 		struct tree_desc inner;
 		void *tree;
 
@@ -149,7 +160,7 @@ static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree
 			die("corrupt tree sha %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 		inner.buf = tree;
-		show_tree(opt, prefix, &inner, newbase);
+		show_tree(opt, prefix, &inner, newbase, baselen + 1 + pathlen);
 
 		free(tree);
 		free(newbase);
@@ -158,28 +169,45 @@ static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree
 	}
 }
 
+static void skip_uninteresting(struct tree_desc *t, const char *base, int baselen, struct diff_options *opt)
+{
+	while (t->size) {
+		int show = tree_entry_interesting(t, base, baselen, opt);
+		if (!show) {
+			update_tree_entry(t);
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* Skip it all? */
+		if (show < 0)
+			t->size = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
 int diff_tree(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, const char *base, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
-	while (t1->size | t2->size) {
-		if (opt->nr_paths && t1->size && !interesting(t1, base, opt)) {
-			update_tree_entry(t1);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (opt->nr_paths && t2->size && !interesting(t2, base, opt)) {
-			update_tree_entry(t2);
-			continue;
+	int baselen = strlen(base);
+
+	for (;;) {
+		if (opt->quiet && opt->has_changes)
+			break;
+		if (opt->nr_paths) {
+			skip_uninteresting(t1, base, baselen, opt);
+			skip_uninteresting(t2, base, baselen, opt);
 		}
 		if (!t1->size) {
-			show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base);
+			if (!t2->size)
+				break;
+			show_entry(opt, "+", t2, base, baselen);
 			update_tree_entry(t2);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!t2->size) {
-			show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base);
+			show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base, baselen);
 			update_tree_entry(t1);
 			continue;
 		}
-		switch (compare_tree_entry(t1, t2, base, opt)) {
+		switch (compare_tree_entry(t1, t2, base, baselen, opt)) {
 		case -1:
 			update_tree_entry(t1);
 			continue;
diff --git a/tree-walk.c b/tree-walk.c
index 70f899957e..a4a4e2a989 100644
--- a/tree-walk.c
+++ b/tree-walk.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ static void entry_clear(struct name_entry *a)
 static void entry_extract(struct tree_desc *t, struct name_entry *a)
 {
 	a->sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t, &a->path, &a->mode);
-	a->pathlen = strlen(a->path);
+	a->pathlen = tree_entry_len(a->path, a->sha1);
 }
 
 void update_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *desc)
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ static int find_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *t, const char *name, unsigned char
 
 		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t, &entry, mode);
 		update_tree_entry(t);
-		entrylen = strlen(entry);
+		entrylen = tree_entry_len(entry, sha1);
 		if (entrylen > namelen)
 			continue;
 		cmp = memcmp(name, entry, entrylen);
diff --git a/tree-walk.h b/tree-walk.h
index e57befa4da..a0d7afd89b 100644
--- a/tree-walk.h
+++ b/tree-walk.h
@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ struct name_entry {
 	int pathlen;
 };
 
+static inline int tree_entry_len(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return (char *)sha1 - (char *)name - 1;
+}
+
 void update_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *);
 const unsigned char *tree_entry_extract(struct tree_desc *, const char **, unsigned int *);
 
diff --git a/tree.c b/tree.c
index 46923ee61b..24f8fb6766 100644
--- a/tree.c
+++ b/tree.c
@@ -153,10 +153,8 @@ static void track_tree_refs(struct tree *item)
 	/* Count how many entries there are.. */
 	desc.buf = item->buffer;
 	desc.size = item->size;
-	while (desc.size) {
+	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry))
 		n_refs++;
-		update_tree_entry(&desc);
-	}
 
 	/* Allocate object refs and walk it again.. */
 	i = 0;