Since baaf233 (connect: improve check for plink to reduce false
positives, 2015-04-26), t5601 writes out a `plink.exe` for testing that
is actually a shell script. So the assumption that the `.exe` extension
implies that the file is *not* a shell script is now wrong.
The original idea to special-case `.exe` files was probably to
help performance, but since we are in a code path that involves spawning
a new process (which in and of itself is pretty slow on Windows anyway),
we pursue a better idea to improve performance elsewhere: we try to
convert scripts into builtins and to reduce the number of spawned
processes by adding more internal API calls.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Accessing the Windows console through the special CONIN$ / CONOUT$ devices
doesn't work properly for non-ASCII usernames an passwords.
It also doesn't work for terminal emulators that hide the native console
window (such as mintty), and 'TERM=xterm*' is not necessarily a reliable
indicator for such terminals.
The new shell_prompt() function, on the other hand, works fine for both
MSys1 and MSys2, in native console windows as well as mintty, and properly
supports Unicode. It just needs bash on the path (for 'read -s', which is
bash-specific).
On Windows, try to use the shell to read from the terminal. If that fails
with ENOENT (i.e. bash was not found), use CONIN/OUT as fallback.
Note: To test this, create a UTF-8 credential file with non-ASCII chars,
e.g. in git-bash: 'echo url=http://täst.com > cred.txt'. Then in git-cmd,
'git credential fill <cred.txt' works (shell version), while calling git
without the git-wrapper (i.e. 'mingw64\bin\git credential fill <cred.txt')
mangles non-ASCII chars in both console output and input.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
The `git_terminal_prompt()` function expects the terminal window to be
attached to a Win32 Console. However, this is not the case with terminal
windows other than `cmd.exe`'s, e.g. with MSys2's own `mintty`.
Non-cmd terminals such as `mintty` still have to have a Win32 Console
to be proper console programs, but have to hide the Win32 Console to
be able to provide more flexibility (such as being resizeable not only
vertically but also horizontally). By writing to that Win32 Console,
`git_terminal_prompt()` manages only to send the prompt to nowhere and
to wait for input from a Console to which the user has no access.
This commit introduces a function specifically to support `mintty` -- or
other terminals that are compatible with MSys2's `/dev/tty` emulation. We
use the `TERM` environment variable as an indicator for that: if the value
starts with "xterm" (such as `mintty`'s "xterm_256color"), we prefer to
let `xterm_prompt()` handle the user interaction.
The most prominent user of `git_terminal_prompt()` is certainly
`git-remote-https.exe`. It is an interesting use case because both
`stdin` and `stdout` are redirected when Git calls said executable, yet
it still wants to access the terminal.
When running inside a `mintty`, the terminal is not accessible to the
`git-remote-https.exe` program, though, because it is a MinGW program
and the `mintty` terminal is not backed by a Win32 console.
To solve that problem, we simply call out to the shell -- which is an
*MSys2* program and can therefore access `/dev/tty`.
Helped-by: nalla <nalla@hamal.uberspace.de>
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
HOME initialization was historically duplicated in many different places,
including /etc/profile, launch scripts such as git-bash.vbs and gitk.cmd,
and (although slightly broken) in the git-wrapper.
Even unrelated projects such as GitExtensions and TortoiseGit need to
implement the same logic to be able to call git directly.
Initialize HOME in git's own startup code so that we can eventually retire
all the duplicate initialization code.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Lets keep the environment initialization and conversion section as lean as
possible and move recently added tweaks to setup_windows_environment().
This fixes the following potential problems:
* Prevent duplicate TZ variables if both TZ and MSYS2_TZ are set.
* Some of the higher level x* APIs from wrapper.c require a working
getenv(), using e.g. xstrdup() during initialization is dangerous.
* Slashifying the Windows TMP variable may break native Windows programs,
use POSIX TMPDIR instead.
* Properly slashify TMPDIR even if it is already set, and also if we only
have TEMP, but not TMP.
* Reduce complexity from O(n) to O(log n).
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
This developer should really, really have known better. The fact that we
are changing the environment in ways for which the MSVCRT is not
prepared for is bad enough. But then this developer followed the request
to re-enable nedmalloc -- despite the prediction that it would cause an
access violation, predicting it in the same message as the request to
re-enable nedmalloc, no less!
To paper over the issue until the time when this developer finds the
time to re-design the Unicode environment handling from scratch, let's
hope that cURL is the only library we are using that *may* set an
environment variable using MSVCRT's putenv() after we fscked the
environment up.
Note: this commit can serve as no source of pride to anyone, certainly
not yours truly. It is necessary as a quick and pragmatic stop gap,
though, to prevent worse problems.
Note: cURL manages to set the variable CHARSET when nedmalloc is *not*
enabled, without causing an access violation. In that case, it sets it
successfully to the value "cp" + GetACP() (hence it is our choice, too,
cURL may need it, Git does not):
https://github.com/bagder/curl/blob/aa5808b5/lib/easy.c#L157-L162
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
HANDLE is defined internally as a void *, but in many cases it is
actually guaranteed to be a 32-bit integer. In these cases, GCC should
not warn about a cast of a pointer to an integer of a different type
because we know exactly what we are doing.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
When the result of a (a, 0) expression is not used, GCC now finds it
necessary to complain with a warning:
right-hand operand of comma expression has no effect
Let's just pretend to use the 0 value and have a peaceful and quiet life
again.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
The environment is modified in most surprising circumstances, and not
all of them are under Git's control. For example, calling
curl_global_init() on Windows will ensure that the CHARSET variable is
set, adding one if necessary.
While the previous commit worked around crashes triggered by such
outside changes of the environment by relaxing the requirement that the
environment be terminated by a NULL pointer, the other assumption made
by `mingw_getenv()` and `mingw_putenv()` is that the environment is
sorted, for efficient lookup via binary search.
Let's make real sure that our environment is intact before querying or
modifying it, and reinitialize our idea of the environment if necessary.
With this commit, before working on the environment we look briefly for
indicators that the environment was modified outside of our control, and
to ensure that it is terminated with a NULL pointer and sorted again in
that case.
Note: the indicators are maybe not sufficient. For example, when a
variable is removed, it will not be noticed. It might also be a problem
if outside changes to the environment result in a modified `environ`
pointer: it is unclear whether such a modification could result in a
problem when `mingw_putenv()` needs to `realloc()` the environment
buffer.
For the moment, however, the current fix works well enough, so let's
only face the potential problems when (and if!) they occur.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Outside of our Windows-specific code, the end of the environment can be
marked also by a pointer to a NUL character, not only by a NULL pointer
as our code assumed so far.
That led to a buffer overrun in `make_environment_block()` when running
`git-remote-https` in `mintty` (because `curl_global_init()` added the
`CHARSET` environment variable *outside* of `mingw_putenv()`, ending the
environment in a pointer to an empty string).
Side note for future debugging on Windows: when running programs in
`mintty`, the standard input/output/error is not connected to a Win32
Console, but instead is pipe()d. That means that even stderr may not be
written completely before a crash, but has to be fflush()ed explicitly.
For example, when debugging crashes, the developer should insert an
`fflush(stderr);` at the end of the `error()` function defined in
usage.c.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
It is unlikely that we have an empty environment, ever, but *if* we do,
when `environ_size - 1` is passed to `bsearchenv()` it is misinterpreted
as a real large integer.
To make the code truly defensive, refuse to do anything at all if the
size is negative (which should not happen, of course).
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
MSys2 emulates pseudo terminals via named pipes, and isatty() returns 0
for such file descriptors. Therefore, some interactive functionality (such
as launching a pager, asking if a failed unlink should be repeated etc.)
doesn't work when run in a terminal emulator that uses MSys ptys (such as
mintty).
However, MSys uses special names for its pty pipes ('msys-*-pty*'), which
allows us to distinguish them from normal piped input / output.
On startup, check if stdin / stdout / stderr are connected to such pipes
using the NtQueryObject API from NTDll.dll. If the names match, adjust the
flags in MSVCRT's ioinfo structure accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
On Windows >= Vista, not having an application manifest with a
requestedExecutionLevel can cause several kinds of confusing behavior.
The first and more obvious behavior is "Installer Detection", where
Windows sometimes decides (by looking at things like the file name and
even sequences of bytes within the executable) that an executable is an
installer and should run elevated (causing the well-known popup dialog
to appear). In Git's context, subcommands such as "git patch-id" or "git
update-index" fall prey to this behavior.
The second and more confusing behavior is "File Virtualization". It
means that when files are written without having write permission, it
does not fail (as expected), but they are instead redirected to
somewhere else. When the files are read, the original contents are
returned, though, not the ones that were just written somewhere else.
Even more confusing, not all write accesses are redirected; Trying to
write to write-protected .exe files, for example, will fail instead of
redirecting.
In addition to being unwanted behavior, File Virtualization causes
dramatic slowdowns in Git (see for instance
http://code.google.com/p/msysgit/issues/detail?id=320).
There are two ways to prevent those two behaviors: Either you embed an
application manifest within all your executables, or you add an external
manifest (a file with the same name followed by .manifest) to all your
executables. Since Git's builtins are hardlinked (or copied), it is
simpler and more robust to embed a manifest.
A recent enough MSVC compiler should already embed a working internal
manifest, but for MinGW you have to do so by hand.
Very lightly tested on Wine, where like on Windows XP it should not make
any difference.
References:
- New UAC Technologies for Windows Vista
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb756960.aspx
- Create and Embed an Application Manifest (UAC)
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb756929.aspx
[js: simplified the embedding dramatically by reusing Git for Windows'
existing Windows resource file, removed the optional (and dubious)
processorArchitecture attribute of the manifest's assemblyIdentity
section.]
Signed-off-by: Cesar Eduardo Barros <cesarb@cesarb.net>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
When the rename function tries to move a directory it fails if the target
directory exists. It should check if it can delete the (possibly empty)
target directory and then try again to move the directory.
Helped-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: 마누엘 <nalla@users.noreply.github.com>
With MSys2, the sigset_t type is defined in sys/types.h, therefore we
need to #include said file.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
When shell scripts access a $TMP variable containing backslashes, they
will be mistaken for escape characters. Let's not let that happen by
converting them to forward slashes.
This fixes t7800 with MSys2.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
With MSys2, the "TZ" environment variable gets filtered out when calling
non-MSys2 executables. The reason is that Windows' time zone handling is
substantially different from the POSIX one.
However, we just taught Git for Windows' fork of the MSys2 runtime to
pass on the timezone in a different environment variable, MSYS2_TZ for
the sole purpose of Git being able to reinterpret it correctly.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
The unsetenv code has no idea to update our environ_size, therefore
causing segmentation faults when environment variables are removed
without compat/mingw.c's knowing (MinGW's optimized lookup would try
to strcmp() against NULL in such a case).
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
With MSys2's GCC, `ReadWriteBarrier` is already defined, and FORCEINLINE
unfortunately gets defined incorrectly.
Let's work around both problems, using the MSys2-specific
__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR constant to guard them.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
The excellent MSys2 project brings a substantially updated MinGW
environment including newer GCC versions and new headers. To support
compiling Git, let's special-case the new MinGW (tell-tale: the
_MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR constant is defined).
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
MSys2's strace facility is very useful for debugging... With this patch,
the bash will be executed through strace if the environment variable
GIT_STRACE_COMMANDS is set, which comes in real handy when investigating
issues in the test suite.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Windows paths are typically limited to MAX_PATH = 260 characters, even
though the underlying NTFS file system supports paths up to 32,767 chars.
This limitation is also evident in Windows Explorer, cmd.exe and many
other applications (including IDEs).
Particularly annoying is that most Windows APIs return bogus error codes
if a relative path only barely exceeds MAX_PATH in conjunction with the
current directory, e.g. ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND / ENOENT instead of the
infinitely more helpful ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE / ENAMETOOLONG.
Many Windows wide char APIs support longer than MAX_PATH paths through the
file namespace prefix ('\\?\' or '\\?\UNC\') followed by an absolute path.
Notable exceptions include functions dealing with executables and the
current directory (CreateProcess, LoadLibrary, Get/SetCurrentDirectory) as
well as the entire shell API (ShellExecute, SHGetSpecialFolderPath...).
Introduce a handle_long_path function to check the length of a specified
path properly (and fail with ENAMETOOLONG), and to optionally expand long
paths using the '\\?\' file namespace prefix. Short paths will not be
modified, so we don't need to worry about device names (NUL, CON, AUX).
Contrary to MSDN docs, the GetFullPathNameW function doesn't seem to be
limited to MAX_PATH (at least not on Win7), so we can use it to do the
heavy lifting of the conversion (translate '/' to '\', eliminate '.' and
'..', and make an absolute path).
Add long path error checking to xutftowcs_path for APIs with hard MAX_PATH
limit.
Add a new MAX_LONG_PATH constant and xutftowcs_long_path function for APIs
that support long paths.
While improved error checking is always active, long paths support must be
explicitly enabled via 'core.longpaths' option. This is to prevent end
users to shoot themselves in the foot by checking out files that Windows
Explorer, cmd/bash or their favorite IDE cannot handle.
Test suite:
Test the case is when the full pathname length of a dir is close
to 260 (MAX_PATH).
Bug report and an original reproducer by Andrey Rogozhnikov:
https://github.com/msysgit/git/pull/122#issuecomment-43604199
Thanks-to: Martin W. Kirst <maki@bitkings.de>
Thanks-to: Doug Kelly <dougk.ff7@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Original-test-by: Andrey Rogozhnikov <rogozhnikov.andrey@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
If multiple threads access a directory that is not yet in the cache, the
directory will be loaded by each thread. Only one of the results is added
to the cache, all others are leaked. This wastes performance and memory.
On cache miss, add a future object to the cache to indicate that the
directory is currently being loaded. Subsequent threads register themselves
with the future object and wait. When the first thread has loaded the
directory, it replaces the future object with the result and notifies
waiting threads.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Checking the work tree status is quite slow on Windows, due to slow lstat
emulation (git calls lstat once for each file in the index). Windows
operating system APIs seem to be much better at scanning the status
of entire directories than checking single files.
Add an lstat implementation that uses a cache for lstat data. Cache misses
read the entire parent directory and add it to the cache. Subsequent lstat
calls for the same directory are served directly from the cache.
Also implement opendir / readdir / closedir so that they create and use
directory listings in the cache.
The cache doesn't track file system changes and doesn't plug into any
modifying file APIs, so it has to be explicitly enabled for git functions
that don't modify the working copy.
Note: in an earlier version of this patch, the cache was always active and
tracked file system changes via ReadDirectoryChangesW. However, this was
much more complex and had negative impact on the performance of modifying
git commands such as 'git checkout'.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Emulating the POSIX lstat API on Windows via GetFileAttributes[Ex] is quite
slow. Windows operating system APIs seem to be much better at scanning the
status of entire directories than checking single files. A caching
implementation may improve performance by bulk-reading entire directories
or reusing data obtained via opendir / readdir.
Make the lstat implementation pluggable so that it can be switched at
runtime, e.g. based on a config option.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Emulating the POSIX dirent API on Windows via FindFirstFile/FindNextFile is
pretty staightforward, however, most of the information provided in the
WIN32_FIND_DATA structure is thrown away in the process. A more
sophisticated implementation may cache this data, e.g. for later reuse in
calls to lstat.
Make the dirent implementation pluggable so that it can be switched at
runtime, e.g. based on a config option.
Define a base DIR structure with pointers to readdir/closedir that match
the opendir implementation (i.e. similar to vtable pointers in OOP).
Define readdir/closedir so that they call the function pointers in the DIR
structure. This allows to choose the opendir implementation on a
call-by-call basis.
Move the fixed sized dirent.d_name buffer to the dirent-specific DIR
structure, as d_name may be implementation specific (e.g. a caching
implementation may just set d_name to point into the cache instead of
copying the entire file name string).
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
At least for cross-platform projects, it makes sense to hide the
files starting with a dot, as this is the behavior on Unix/MacOSX.
However, at least Eclipse has problems interpreting the hidden flag
correctly, so the default is to hide only the .git/ directory.
The config setting core.hideDotFiles therefore supports not only
'true' and 'false', but also 'dotGitOnly'.
[jes: clarified the commit message, made git init respect the setting
by marking the .git/ directory only after reading the config, and added
documentation, and rebased on top of current junio/next]
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Long overdue departure from the assumption that S_IFMT is shared by
everybody made in 2005.
* dm/compat-s-ifmt-for-zos:
compat: convert modes to use portable file type values
This adds simple wrapper functions around calls to stat(), fstat(),
and lstat() that translate the operating system's native file type
bits to those used by most operating systems. It also rewrites the
S_IF* macros to the common values, so all file type processing is
performed using the translated modes. This makes projects portable
across operating systems that use different file type definitions.
Only the file type bits may be affected by these compatibility
functions; the file permission bits are assumed to be 07777 and are
passed through unchanged.
Signed-off-by: David Michael <fedora.dm0@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
According to the Linux open(2) man page, open() must return EISDIR
if a directory was attempted to be opened for writing. Our emulation
in mingw_open() does not get this right: it checks only for O_CREAT.
Fix it to check for a write request.
This fixes a failure in reflog handling, which opens files with
O_APPEND|O_WRONLY, but without O_CREAT, and expects EISDIR when the
named file happens to be a directory.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
z/OS port
* dm/port2zos:
compat/bswap.h: detect endianness from XL C compiler macros
Makefile: reorder linker flags in the git executable rule
git-compat-util.h: support variadic macros with the XL C compiler
There is no /usr/include/endian.h equivalent on z/OS, but the
compiler will define macros to indicate endianness on host and
target hardware. This adds a test for these macros as a last
resort for determining byte order.
Signed-off-by: David Michael <fedora.dm0@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Windows does not have POSIX-like signals, and so we ignore all
operations on the non-existent signal mask machinery.
Do not turn sigemptyset into a function, but leave it a macro that
erases the code in the argument because it is used to set sa_mask
of a struct sigaction, but our dummy in mingw.h does not have that
member.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Most of these are battle-tested in msysgit and are needed to
complete what has been merged to 'master' already.
* sk/mingw-uni-fix-more:
Win32: enable color output in Windows cmd.exe
Win32: patch Windows environment on startup
Win32: keep the environment sorted
Win32: use low-level memory allocation during initialization
Win32: reduce environment array reallocations
Win32: don't copy the environment twice when spawning child processes
Win32: factor out environment block creation
Win32: unify environment function names
Win32: unify environment case-sensitivity
Win32: fix environment memory leaks
Win32: Unicode environment (incoming)
Win32: Unicode environment (outgoing)
Revert "Windows: teach getenv to do a case-sensitive search"
tests: do not pass iso8859-1 encoded parameter
Use xcalloc() instead of xmalloc() followed by memset() to allocate
and zero out memory because it's shorter and avoids duplicating the
function parameters.
Signed-off-by: Rene Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Git requires the TERM environment variable to be set for all color*
settings. Simulate the TERM variable if it is not set (default on Windows).
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Fix Windows specific environment settings on startup rather than checking
for special values on every getenv call.
As a side effect, this makes the patched environment (i.e. with properly
initialized TMPDIR and TERM) available to child processes.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The Windows environment is sorted, keep it that way for O(log n)
environment access.
Change compareenv to compare only the keys, so that it can be used to
find an entry irrespective of the value.
Change lookupenv to binary seach for an entry. Return one's complement of
the insert position if not found (libc's bsearch returns NULL).
Replace MSVCRT's getenv with a minimal do_getenv based on the binary search
function.
Change do_putenv to insert new entries at the correct position. Simplify
the function by swapping if conditions and using memmove instead of for
loops.
Move qsort from make_environment_block to mingw_startup. We still need to
sort on startup to make sure that the environment is sorted according to
our compareenv function (while Win32 / CreateProcess requires the
environment block to be sorted case-insensitively, CreateProcess currently
doesn't enforce this, and some applications such as bash just don't care).
Note that environment functions are _not_ thread-safe and are not required
to be so by POSIX, the application is responsible for synchronizing access
to the environment. MSVCRT's getenv and our new getenv implementation are
better than that in that they are thread-safe with respect to other getenv
calls as long as the environment is not modified. Git's indiscriminate use
of getenv in background threads currently requires this property.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
As of d41489a6 "Add more large blob test cases", git's high-level memory
allocation functions (xmalloc, xmemdupz etc.) access the environment to
simulate limited memory in tests (see 'getenv("GIT_ALLOC_LIMIT")' in
memory_limit_check()). These functions should not be used before the
environment is fully initialized (particularly not to initialize the
environment itself).
The current solution ('environ = NULL; ALLOC_GROW(environ...)') only works
because MSVCRT's getenv() reinitializes environ when it is NULL (i.e. it
leaves us with two sets of unusabe (non-UTF-8) and unfreeable (CRT-
allocated) environments).
Add our own set of malloc-or-die functions to be used in startup code.
Also check the result of __wgetmainargs, which may fail if there's not
enough memory for wide-char arguments and environment.
This patch is in preparation of the sorted environment feature, which
completely replaces MSVCRT's getenv() implementation.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
